Physiology - fluid + electrolyte movement

Question 1

opioid uses + side effects

Answer 1

1. pain relief
2. cough suppression - codeine
3. diarrhoea treatment - loperamide

side effects: constipation, nausea, vomiting, confusion, euphoria

treatment of opioid addiction = naloxone

⚠️ Key Warning: Opioids Should NOT Be Used in Infectious Diarrhea!
* In bacterial infections (e.g., C. difficile, E. coli), slowing gut motility traps toxins in the gut, worsening disease.
Instead, focus on hydration (ORS), antibiotics (if needed), and probiotics.

Question 2

CFTR modulators like xxx help increase CFTR channel opening time, improving ATP-driven chloride transport.

for Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 2

Ivacaftor