NAFLD/MASLD - steatotic liver disease (alcohol + fat) Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Semaglutide?
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics GLP-1 action to regulate insulin and glucose levels.
It increases insulin release when blood sugar is high, reduces glucagon release, and slows gastric emptying.
How does Semaglutide help with MASLD?
It reduces liver fat, improves liver function, promotes weight loss, and improves insulin sensitivity.
Insulin resistance is a significant problem in MASLD.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Metformin?
Metformin increases insulin sensitivity and reduces liver glucose production while activating AMPK.
It also reduces glucose absorption from food in the intestines.
How does Metformin help with MASLD?
It reduces liver fat, treats insulin resistance, and can lower liver enzyme levels (ALT, AST).
Elevated liver enzyme levels are often seen in MASLD.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Statins?
Statins block HMG-CoA reductase, lowering LDL cholesterol and triglycerides while providing anti-inflammatory effects.
This helps reduce inflammation in the liver.
How do Statins help with MASLD?
They lower cholesterol and triglycerides, reduce liver inflammation, and decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovascular disease risk is elevated in MASLD due to lipid imbalances.
How do Semaglutide and Metformin work together for MASLD?
They improve insulin sensitivity, reduce liver fat, and promote weight loss.
These factors are key in managing MASLD.
What role do Statins play in managing MASLD?
They control lipid levels, reduce heart disease risk, and may help reduce liver inflammation.
Useful for MASLD patients with dyslipidemia.
Fill in the blank: Semaglutide works by mimicking _______ to improve insulin function.
GLP-1
True or False: Metformin increases glucose absorption from food.
False
What are the benefits of Statins for MASLD patients?
They lower LDL, lower triglycerides, reduce liver inflammation, and protect against heart disease.
Heart disease is a common risk in MASLD.
Fill in the blank: The primary action of Metformin is to increase _______ sensitivity.
insulin
What is the effect of Semaglutide on appetite?
It reduces appetite.
This is partly due to its effect on gastric emptying.
List the key actions of Semaglutide.
- Mimics GLP-1
- Increases insulin release
- Reduces glucagon release
- Slows gastric emptying
- Reduces appetite
What are SGLT2 Inhibitors?
Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Name an example of an SGLT2 Inhibitor.
Canagliflozin (Invokana)
Empagliflozin
Other examples include Dapagliflozin (Farxiga), Empagliflozin (Jardiance), and Ertugliflozin (Steglatro)
What is the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors?
They target and block the Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the proximal renal tubules in the kidneys.
What does SGLT2 do in the kidneys?
Reabsorbs glucose back into the bloodstream from the urine.
What happens when SGLT2 is inhibited?
Prevents glucose reabsorption, causing more glucose to be excreted in the urine.
What is the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on blood sugar levels?
They lower blood sugar levels by reducing the amount of glucose in the bloodstream.
What is one benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors related to weight?
Weight loss due to small calorie loss from glucose being excreted in the urine.
How do SGLT2 inhibitors affect blood pressure?
They promote sodium and fluid excretion, leading to a reduction in blood pressure.
What protective effect do SGLT2 inhibitors have on the kidneys?
They help reduce the progression of kidney disease.
