Physiology and Movement (Musculoskeletal System and Analysis of Movement)

Question 1

Types of Joints

Answer 1

1) Fibrous: Allows very little movement
2) Cartilaginous: Allows a limited amount of movement
3) Synovial: Allows for a great deal of movement

Question 2

Types of Synovial Joint

Answer 2

1) Ball and Socket Joint: Allows movement in every direction and found in shoulder
2) Hinge Joint: Allows movement in only one direction and found in knee and elbow

Question 3

Three types of Planes

Answer 3

1) Sagittal Plane: Vertical plane which separates body into left and right
2) Frontal Plane: Vertical plane which separates the body into front and back
3) Transverse Plane: Horizontal plane which splits the body into up and down

Question 4

Axis of Movement

Answer 4

1) Transverse Axis: Runs from side to side like a table football player
2) Sagittal Axis: Goes through the body in the front and come out the back
3) Longitudinal Axis: Runs from top to bottom like a kebab skewer

Question 5

Combination of planes and axis

Answer 5

1) Sagittal Plane about a transverse axis
2) Frontal Plane about a sagittal axis
3) Transverse plane about a longitudinal axis

Question 6

Joint action which uses the Sagittal plane about a Transverse axis

Answer 6

1) Flexion
2) Extension
3) Hyper-extension
4) Plantar-flexion and Dorsi-flexion

Question 7

Joint action which uses the Frontal plane about a Sagittal axis

Answer 7

1) Abduction

2) Adduction

Question 8

Joint action which uses the Transverse Plane about a Longitudinal axis

Answer 8

1) Horizontal Adduction

2) Horizontal abduction

Question 9

Agonists and Antagonists

Answer 9

Agonist: Muscle responsible for the movement
Antagonist: Muscle that lengthens and works in opposite

Question 10

Muscle Contraction

Answer 10

Concentric: The muscle shortens under tension
Eccentric: The muscle lengthens under tension
Isometric: Muscle contracts but no movement occurs