Physiology and Anatomy (Biomechanical Principles and Levers)

Question 1

Newton’s First Law

Answer 1

A performer will remain still or move in constant motion unless a different force is applied

Question 2

Newton’s Second Law

Answer 2

Acceleration is equal to the size of the force generated due to f=ma

Question 3

Newton’s Third Law

Answer 3

To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 4

Center of Mass

Answer 4

The point of balance of the body

Question 5

Biomechanical Principles Affecting Stability

Answer 5

1) The height of the center of mass (lower the more stable)
2) The position of the line of gravity (should be central to increase stability)
3) Area of the support base (the more contact points, the larger the surface area, the more stable)
4) Mass of the performer (greater the mass, the more stable)

Question 6

First Class Lever System

Answer 6

• Fulcrum locates between the load and effort

- Found in the neck

Question 7

Second Class Lever System

Answer 7

• Load in between the fulcrum and effort

- Plantar-flexion in the ankle

Question 8

Third Class Lever System

Answer 8

• Effort in between the fulcrum and load

- Am example is a bicep curl

Question 9

Mechanical Advantage

Answer 9

• When the force is longer than the resistance arm in the second class lever
• Can lift heavy lids with low effort, slow speed and limited range of movement

Question 10

Mechanical Disadvantage

Answer 10

• When the resistance arm is longer than the force arm such as in the third class lever
• Found in the elbow and cant lift heavy loads but with fast speed of movement