Physiology 5

Question 1

Name the three ways in which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood.

Answer 1

1. In solution
2. As bicarbonate
3. As carbamino compounds

Question 2

What is the primary means by which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood?

Answer 2

As bicarbonate

Question 3

Carbon dioxide is around __ times soluble than oxygen.

Answer 3

20

Question 4

Which law influences how carbon dioxide dissolves in the blood?

Answer 4

Henry’s Law

Question 5

Which enzyme catalyses the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form hydrogen carbonate?

Answer 5

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 6

Where is carbonic anhydrase found?

Answer 6

Red blood cells

Question 7

Write a word equation for the conversion of water and carbon dioxide into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions.

Answer 7

CO2 + H20 H2CO3 H+ + HCO3-

Question 8

Carbon dioxide diffuses from the tissues into red blood cells down a ___ ___ gradient.

Answer 8

partial pressure

Question 9

What is a chloride shift?

Answer 9

The transfer of bicarbonate and chloride ions out of / into a red blood cell respectively

Question 10

Hydrogen ions act as a ___ in red blood cells.

Answer 10

buffer

Question 11

Name a terminal amine group which carbon dioxide binds with to form a carbamino compound.

Answer 11

Globin (to form carbamino-haemoglobin)

Question 12

Formation of carbamino-haemoglobin (depends / does not depend) on enzyme activity.

Answer 12

does not depend

Question 13

What type of Hb can bind increased amounts of carbon dioxide?

Answer 13

Reduced Hb

Question 14

Hb / HbO2 can bind more carbon dioxide.

Answer 14

Hb

Question 15

What is the Haldane Effect?

Answer 15

Removing oxygen from Hb increases the ability of Hb to bind carbon dioxide and CO2-generated H+ ions

Question 16

Which two effects work in synchrony to facilitate the actions of Hb?

Answer 16

Bohr effect and Haldane effect

Question 17

Increasing the partial pressure of oxygen shifts the CO2 dissociation curve to the ____.

Answer 17

right