Physio & Psychopharmacology Flashcards
Build up of (…) in the cerebral (…) can cause (…).
cerebrospinal fluid, ventricles, hydrocephalus
The hypothalamus controls the (…) system and (…) glands, mediates basic (…), and regulates (…) expression. The (…) nucleus (SCN) regulates the circadian rhythms.
autonomic nervous system, endocrine, drives, emotional, suprachiasmatic
“I hear blue” and “smell someone yelling” are examples of (…), the rare condition of one sensory modality triggers a sensation in another.
synesthesia
Hypoglycemia involves low (…) and excessive (…) production by the (…). Symptoms include: dizziness, (…), blurred vision, anxiety, (…), and (…).
blood glucose, insulin, pancreas, headaches, depression, confusion
Three emotion areas of the brain are: (…), (…), and (…).
amygdala, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex
The (…) facilitates perception and expression of anger, (…), sadness, (…), and attaches these emotions to (…). It is in the (…) system.
amygdala, fear, happiness, memory, limbic
The (…) translates emotions into (…) response.
hypothalamus, physical
The (…) processes emotions hemispherically, with the (…) hemisphere processing (…) emotions and the (…) processing (…) emotions.
cerebral cortex, left, positive, right, negative
(…)-(…) Syndrome results from a lesion in the (…) and the following symptoms: altered (…) habits, (…), and reduced (…) and (…).
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome, amygdala, dietary, hypersexuality, fear and aggression
The (…) is involved in extrapyramidal control of motor activities. Damage can result in (…), characterized by (…) speech, severe (…), and a loss of balance.
cerebellum, ataxia, slurred, tremors
The (…) lobe houses the (…) cortex. Visual (…) is the inability to recognize familiar objects.
occipital, visual
The (…) is another limbic system structure involved in (…) and (…) memory, as well as the (…) of declarative memories.
Hippocampus, spatial and explicit, consolidation
MAOI stands for (…). It deactivates dopamine, (…), and serotonin. A (…) crisis is a side-effect can occur with foods with the amino acid (…). Symptoms include: stiff neck, rapid heart rate, (…), (…), (…), and sensitivity to light.
monoamine oxidase inhibitor, norepinephrine, hypertensive, tyramine; nausea, vomiting, sweating
Opioids or (…)-(…) have sedative and (…) properties. Used to treat (…) and as a (…) suppressant. Opiod peptides are also known as (…).
narcotic-analgesics, analgesic, diarrhea, cough, endorphines
Older adults often experience an (…) sleep phase, meaning they go to bed (…) and wake up (…).
advanced sleep phase (ASP), earlier, earlier
There are two basic types of seizures or epilepsies: (…) and (…). The later includes (…) type that does not involve LOC, while (…) type involves some alteration in consciousness.
general and partial, simple, complex
Generalized seizures are bilaterally (…) and do not have a (…) onset. They include (…) and (…) seizures. Grand mal include muscle contraction and rhythmic shaking, while petit mal are (…) with LOC but without (…) symptoms.
symmetrical, focal, tonic-clonic and absence, brief, motor
Type A personality and heart disease is most consistently linked to (…) and (…).
hostility and anger
Huntington’s Disease is an autosomal (…) disorder.
dominant
Tourette’s Disorder is associated with both (…) symptoms as well as (…) and (…).
ADHD, obsessions and compulsions
Sides effects of Benzo’s include: (…), memory loss, and (…) impairment.
confusion, psychomotor
Parkinson’s disease is characterized by (…), muscular rigidity, (…), akinesia, and speech difficulties. Symptoms temporarily relieved by (…), a (…) agonist. Caused by a degeneration in (…)-containing cells in the (…) nigra.
tremor, akathisia, L-dopa, dopamine, dopamine, substantia
akathisia is known as “cruel (…)”, akinesia is a reduction or absence of (…) movement
restlessness, spontaneous
Sleep EEG patterns include (…), beta, (…), delta, and REM. In stage (…), alpha are replaced by beta. Stage (…), (…) waves are interrupted by sleep (…) and (…)-complexes.
alpha, theta, one(1), two(2), theta, spindles, K-complexes
Newborns start with (…) sleep, that turns into (…) sleep. This reverses by (…) months. Adulthood sees the decline of total sleep time, stage (…) sleep, and (…).
REM, NREM, three, 4, REM
The (…) theory of color vision includes three primary colors: (…). The (…)-(…) theory postulates three bipolar receptors: (…). In the later, some cells are (…), while the other is (…).
trichromatic; red, blue, and green; opponent-process, red-green, yellow-blue, and white-black; excited, inhibited
The (…) (…) are subcoritcal structures involved in planning, (…), and coordinating (…) movements. Linked to Hungtington’s, (…) disease, (…) disorder, (…), and ADHD.
basal ganglia, organizing, voluntary, Parkinson’s, Tourette’s, OCD
The Basal Ganglia includes four structures: caudate nucleaus, (…), (…), and substantia nigra.
putamen, globus pallidus
Depth perception relies on (…) and (…) cues. Retinal (…) is a (…) cue, suggests the closer the object, the greater the (…) of the two images.
binocular, monocular, disparity, binocular, disparity
Huntington’s Disease involves (…), (…), and motor symptoms. (…) appear first. Early motor symptoms include (…), clumsiness, followed by “piano-playing” movements. Due to loss of (…)-secreting neurons and (…) excitotoxicity in the (…) (…).
emotional, cognitive, emo-cog, fidgeting, GABA, glutamate, basal ganglia
The (…) is a hindbrain structure regulating (…), heartbeat, and (…).
medulla, breathing, blood pressure
CT and MRI are (…) techniques, PET, SPECT, and fMRI are (…).
structural, functional
