Clinical

Question 1

(…) is an approach developed for ambivalent clients combining the (…) of change model with client-center therapy.

Answer 1

Motivational interviewing, stages

Question 2

Motivational interviewing techniques include (OARS): (…)

Answer 2

Open-ended questions, affirmations, reflective listening, and summaries.

Question 3

Psych Inpatients vary based on (…) status, race, and (…).

Answer 3

relationship status, age

Question 4

Psych Inpatients are more often (…) versus married or widowed, mostly (…) thought minorities are over-represented, and between (…) to 44.

Answer 4

never married, white, 25

Question 5

(…) counselors interpret everyone’s reality through their own (…) and stereotypes, (…) cultural differences and their own biases.

Answer 5

Culturally encapsulated, assumptions, disregarding

Question 6

(…)-context communication relies on shared cultural understanding and (…) cues. (…)-context communication relies mostly on the (…) message and is produced mostly by whites.

Answer 6

High, non-verbal, Low, verbal

Question 7

Boyd-Franklin’s (…) model for African Americans incorporates extended family, community, and social services to address (…), multiple levels, and empowerment.

Answer 7

Multisystems, multiple systems

Question 8

The (…) (…) model states behaviors are influenced by 1) person’s (…) based on perceived susceptibility, 2) person’s (…) of pros and cons, and 3) internal/external “(…)” that trigger response.

Answer 8

Health Belief, readiness, evaluation, “cues to action”

Question 9

Berry describes (…) in four categories of adopting new culture: (…), assimilation, (…), or marginalization.

Answer 9

acculturation, integration, separation

Question 10

Paranoia can be (…) or functional. Ridley said (…) is a healthy reaction to racism and fear of being hurt or misunderstood. (…) is due to pathology, non-disclosure regardless of therapist race, with suspicion and mistrust.

Answer 10

cultural, cultural, functional

Question 11

Eysenck reviewed psychotherapy lit and found (…)% of people improved without therapy, 66% with eclectic, and (…)% with psychoanalysis. Apparent benefit is due to (…).

Answer 11

72%, 44%, spontaneous remission

Question 12

Howard et. al found dose dependent effect: (…)% of patients show improvement after (…) sessions; at 52 sessions, it only increases to 85%.

Answer 12

75%, 26

Question 13

Howard et. al described three phases of therapy: (…), remediation, and (…).

Answer 13

remoralization, rehabilitation

Question 14

Mahler’s separation-individuation is object-relations theory, infant assumes her own (…) and psychological (…). This happens at (…) months of age. Psychopathology can be traced to this phase.

Answer 14

physical, identity, 4-5

Question 15

Prochaska’s Transtheoretical Model includes 6 stages: (…). Interventions should be chosen to match client phase. Two factors that determine change of phases include: (…) and (…).

Answer 15

pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination; self-efficacy and decisional balance

Question 16

Outcome research: (…) studies are clinical trials and (…) studies are correlational/quasi-experimental.

Answer 16

efficacy, effectiveness

Question 17

Contrary to Eysenck, Smith et. al conducted a meta-analysis and found average effect size of (…), indicting typical patient 80% better off than untreated folks.

Answer 17

.85

Question 18

Sue’s “worldview” involves a combination of two variables: (…) and (…). White middle-class folks are typically (…) and (…).

Answer 18

internal/external locus of control and internal/external locus of responsibility, IC-IR

Question 19

Therapist-client matching may reduce (…) for members of some minority groups. More important factor is shared (…) and (…).

Answer 19

premature termination, values, worldview

Question 20

The belief that all cultures share similar values is an (…) orientation, versus an (…) orientation that views cultures uniquely through their members’ perceptions.

Answer 20

etic, emic (me, my uniqueness)

Question 21

Yalom believed groups have formative stages, to include: (…), (…), and development of cohesiveness. The (…) is most important for + outcome.

Answer 21

orientation, conflict, cohesiveness

Question 22

Caplan had 4-types of mental health consultation: (…), consultee-centered, (…), and consultee-centered administrative.

Answer 22

client-centered, program-centered

Question 23

Prevention methods include three types: (…). (…) go to (…) members of target group (…) developing disease. (…) go to (…) individuals with (…) signs of disease. (…) are designed to (…) the duration and consequences of disease.

Answer 23

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Primary, all, before, Secondary, at-risk, Tertiary, reduce

Question 24

(…) is the tendency to attribute all symptoms to mental retardation. Can happen with other diagnoses.

Answer 24

Diagnostic overshadowing

Question 25

Hypnosis may produce more (…) memories and may (…) confidence in validity of uncertain memories.

Answer 25

pseudomemories, exaggerate

Question 26

(…) occurs in clinical supervision when the supervisee behaves toward supervisor mirroring therapeutic processes.

Answer 26

parallel process

Question 27

(…) occurs when LGBT folks (…) negative stereotypes. Consequences include: (…), self-doubt, and (…) behavior. For men and women, coming out happens (…).

Answer 27

Internalized homophobia, internalize, low self-esteem, self-destructive, about the same time.

Question 28

Interventions can be (…) or (…). (…) interventions focus on changing the (…) to fit the (…). (…) interventions are the other way around.

Answer 28

alloplastic, autoplastic, autoplastic, individual, environment, alloplastic

Question 29

(…) communication is associated with schizophrenia and involves conflicting (…).

Answer 29

Double-bind, negative injunctions (“do that you’ll be punished” and “don’t do that and you’ll be punished”)

Question 30

General systems theory suggests that systems are best understood as a whole. Family therapists view family as an (…) system. The concept of (…) describes this.

Answer 30

open, homeostasis

Question 31

(…) refers to the shared knowledge of society’s negative regard for non-heterosexual everything.

Answer 31

sexual stigma

Question 32

(…) refers to cultural ideologies that promote antipathy and violence against homosexuals.

Answer 32

heterosexism

Question 33

(…) refers to negative attitudes based on sexual orientation. There are higher levels of heterosexist biases in these four demographics: (…).

Answer 33

sexual prejudice, men, older, less education, and rural folks.

Question 34

Cultural competence involves 3 competencies: 1) a therapist’s (…) of cultural assumptions, 2) (…) about client’s world views, and 3) (…) to provide appropriate interventions.

Answer 34

awareness, knowledge, skills

Question 35

Three psychodynamic therapies include: (…).

Answer 35

Freudian psychoanalysis, Jung’s analytical psychotherapy, Adler’s individual psychology

Question 36

Freudian Psychoanalysis believes pathology occurs when the ego is unable to ward off (…) and (…) prop up the psyche (e.g. repression). They serve to (…) or (…) reality. Interventions include 4 types: (…) to analyze 4 things: free associations, dreams, (…) and (…).

Answer 36

anxiety, defense mechanisms, deny, distort, confrontation, clarification, interpretation, working through, resistance, and transferences

Question 37

Jung views behavior as determined by (…) factors, including the (…) which is a repository of (…) passed down through the generations. The CU includes (…). His theory includes (…), the integration of conscious and unconscious aspects and the development of (…).

Answer 37

conscious and unconscious, collective unconscious, latent memory traces, archetypes, individuation, wisdom

Question 38

Key concepts of Adlerian individual psychology, include: inferiority feelings, striving for superiority, and (…) - unifies aspects of personality. Px come from a mistaken (…) reflecting inadequate (…). Teological approach concerns motivation from (…) goals.

Answer 38

styles of life, styles of life, social interest, future

Question 39

Gestalt therapy emphasizes (…) in the (…). Introjections are (…) disturbances. Transferences are (…) and focus is more on reality.

Answer 39

awareness, here-and-now, boundary, counterproductive

Question 40

(…) therapy is effective for American Indians. It is a (…) treatment that incorporates (…) and contextualizes problems in the (…). Also include (…) and (…) approaches.

Answer 40

Network, multimodal, family/community, social network (e.g. family, community, work); client-centered, behavioral

Question 41

(…) therapy focuses on personal choice and (…). Maladaptive behavior is a result of inability to (…) with the ultimate (…).

Answer 41

Existential, responsibility, cope, concerns of existence (e.g. death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness

Question 42

Glasser’s (…) therapy is based on (…) theory, assuming people are responsible for their (…). People have 5 needs: (…), power, freedom, and fun.

Answer 42

reality, choice, choices, survival + love and belonging

Question 43

Solution-focused therapy utilizes 3 questions: (…).

Answer 43

miracle, exception, scaling questions

Question 44

IPT involves address 4 problem areas: (…)

Answer 44

unresolved grief, interpersonal role disputes, role transitions, and interpersonal deficits

Question 45

Five family therapies are: (…).

Answer 45

Communication/interaction, extended family systems (Bowen), structural (Minuchin), strategic (Haley), and object relations.

Question 46

Communication/interaction family therapy distinguishes between 2 communication patterns: (…).

Answer 46

Symetrical - between two equals with competitive one-upsmanship and Complimentary - between unequals and emphasizes their differences

Question 47

Bowen’s (…) family therapy key terms are (…) and emotional triangles. The first is the ability to keep from becoming (…) with dominate family emotions. The goal is to (…) of all family members.

Answer 47

Extended family systems, differentiation, fused, increase the differentiation

Question 48

Minuchin’s (…) alters the family’s (…) to change behavioral patterns. (…) are rules about contact between members. There are 3 types: (…).

Answer 48

structural family therapy, structure, boundaries; detouring, stable coalition, and triangulation.

Question 49

Haley’s (…) focuses on (…) patterns. It uses specific strategies to produce (…) versus insight. They include (…) like ordeals, prescribing the symptom, and reframing to see the symptom in a new way.

Answer 49

strategic family therapy, communication, symptom relief, paradoxical interventions

Question 50

Object Relations family therapy sees primary source of dysfunction as (…), which is the projection of (…). Goal is to resolve attachment to these (…) and involves addressing multiple (…).

Answer 50

projective identification, old introjects, introjects, transferences

Question 51

Racial development models include (…)’s racial identity model, (…)’s White, and (…)’s Black.

Answer 51

Atkinson, Helms, Cross

Question 52

Helm’s (…) racial identity model involves two phases: (…) and (…). 6 statuses include: contact, (…), reintegration, (…), immersion-emersion, and (…).

Answer 52

White, abandoning racism, developing nonracist white identity, disintegration, pseudo-independence, autonomy

Question 53

Cross’s (…) racial identity model has 4 stages: (…), encounter, (…), and internalization. The (…) involves greater racial awareness and interest in developing a Black identity.

Answer 53

Black, preencounter, immersion-emersion, encounter

Question 54

Atkinson’s (…) has 5 stages: (…), dissonance, resistance and immersion, (…), and (…).

Answer 54

racial identity model, conformity, introspection, and integrative awareness

Question 55

Troiden’s Gay identity model has 4 stages: feeling different, (…), identity assumption, and (…).

Answer 55

self-recognition/identity confusion, commitment

Question 56

Atkinson’s Dissonance stage is characterized by (…) and conflict.

Answer 56

confusion

Question 57

Atkinson’s third stage, (…), involves active (…) of the dominant group.

Answer 57

Resistance and Immersion, rejection

Question 58

Atkinson’s final stage, (…), is the adoption of a multicultural perspective.

Answer 58

integrative awareness

Question 59

During Cross’s initial (…) stage, racial identity has low salience.

Answer 59

Preencounter

Question 60

Helm’s white identity model includes a third stage, (…), in which the individual resolves internal conflict by accepting (…).

Answer 60

Reintegration, denigrating views of minority groups

Question 61

Bowen and Minuchin family therapies both talk about relational boundaries, however Bowen only uses the term (…) and becoming (…) while Minuchin uses (…) and becoming (…).

Answer 61

differentiation, fused, boundaries, enmeshed

Question 62

Someone planning to take action within six months is in the (…) stage, one month is in the (…) stage.

Answer 62

contemplation, preparation

Question 63

The right of parents to inspect school records was established by the (…) Amendment.

Answer 63

Buckley

Question 64

Self-in-relation theory applies (…) to (…) relations theory, tracing (…) differences back to (…)-(…) and (…)-(…) relationships. Nonsexist therapy focuses more on (…) causes of behavior and (…) change.

Answer 64

feminism, object-relations, gender, mother-daughter and mother-son, personal x 2

Question 65

Ridley’s (…) paranoiac is when therapist ethnicity is the MOST important.

Answer 65

confluent