Abnormal Flashcards
MR requires an IQ of (…) or below, deficits in (…) functioning, onset of symptoms before (…)
70, adaptive, 18
Learning disorder evidences a discrepancy between academic achievement scores and their (…) score.
IQ
Stuttering onset is between (…), treated with (…), which combines regulated breathing, awareness training, and social support.
2 and 7, habit reversal
Head growth deceleration, loss of hand skills, and impaired coordination following a period of normal development is consistent with a diagnosis of (…).
Rhett’s Disorder
Rhett’s Disorder involves, Head growth deceleration, (…), and impaired coordination following a period of (…) development
loss of hand skills, normal
According to the (…) hypothesis, ADHD is related to inability for behavioral regulation to fit demands of situation.
behavioral disinhibition
ADHD tx involves (…) and behavioral interventions.
CNS stimulants
Moffit suggests conduct px across lifespan are due to deficits in (…) functioning, a difficult (…), and adverse environmental circumstances.
executive, temperament
Tourette’s Disorder involves excessive (…) in the caudate nucleus. Tx includes an (…) drug. Advantages of this drug versus it’s traditional form, include alleviating (…) symptoms of Schizo, less likely to produce (…), and other extrapyramidal side effects. They can cause (…) or other blood dycrasias.
dopamine, atypical antipsychotic (clozapine), positive and negative, tardive dyskinesia, agranulocytosis
Tardive dyskinesia is a potentially irreversible (…) side effect w/ long-term use of antipsychotic. Symptoms include: rythmical moves similar to Huntington’s (…). It is alleviated by a (…) agonist or gradual withdrawal.
extrapyramidal, chorea, GABA
An (…), produces effects similar to those by a neurotransmitter.
agonist
(…) is characterized by a disturbance in consciousness and cognitive impairments. Symptoms typically develop rapidly and (…) during course of day VS (…) which is (…) and irreversible.
Delirium, fluctuate, dementia, progressive
(…) dementia is caused by cerebrovascular disease and is characterized by a (…), fluctuating course with a (…) pattern of symptoms.
Vascular, stepwise, patchy
AIDS Dementia involves forgetfulness, (…), and psychomotor slowing.
impaired concentration
(…) Syndrome is characterized by (…) amnesia, (…) amnesia, and (…) (fabrication of memories). It believed to be caused by a (…) deficiency. It is an Alcohol-Induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder or Alcohol-Induced Major Neurocognitive Disorder.
Korsakoff, retrograde, anterograde, confabulation, thiamine
(…) and Cocaine Intoxication involved (…), hyperactivity, anxiety, (…) pupils, and nausea.
Amphetamine, euphoria, dialated
Opioid Withdrawal resembles a severe case of the (…)
flu
Nicotine withdrawal involves (…) mood, irritability, and (…) heart rate.
depressed, decreased
Schizophrenia Concordance rates: Biological Siblings (…)%, Fraternal Twins (…)%, Identical Twins (…)%, and Child with both schizo parents (…)%.
10%, 17%, 48%, 46%
Single parent w/ schizo, 13% for child
The (…) hypothesis suggests that Schizophrenia is due to elevated (…) levels or oversensitive (…) receptors.
domamine x 3
Rates of MDD: Lifetime risk from (…) - (…)% for women and (…)% - (…)% for men; point prevalence (…) - (…)% for women and (…)% - (…)% for men.
10-25%, 5-12%; 5-9%, 2-3%;
Post-Partum Depression rates: (…) - (…)% meet criteria, while (…)% experience “baby blues” 10-days postpartum.
10-20%, 70%
Dysthymic Disorder requires 2-years for adults, (…) year for children.
one
Lifetime prevalence of Bipolar I Disorder is (…)-(…)%. According to DSM-5, 12-month prevalence is (…).
0.4 - 1.6%, 0.6%
When suicide is linked to depression, it is likely to occur (…) months after depressive symptoms improve.
3
Brown et. al found (…)% of their sample had comorbid diagnosis with Panic, mostly with (…) and (…).
59%, MDD, GAD
OCD is about equally common in males and females, but in children/adol, it is more prevalent in (…).
males
Patients with (…) Disorder typically have a co-morbid personality disorder.
Somatization
Munchausen’s Syndrome is an example of a (…). It involves the intentional production of symptoms in an individual by their caregiver.
Factitious Disorder by Proxy
Treatment of Anorexia includes first to get the individual to (…), then use (…) therapy to change faulty beliefs about weight, food, and the value of being thin. This can include restructuring, (…), and self-distraction during high-risk periods.
gain weight, cognitive, stimulus control
By age 40, up to (…)% of individuals no longer meet criteria for (…) Personality Disorder. By middle age, folks are also not likely to meet criteria for (…) Personality Disorder.
75%, Borderline, Antisocial
DBT assumes the Rogerian idea that (…) of the client is necessary for change. It involves group (…) training to (…) emotions, individual to strengthen (…) to use them, and (…) consultations to provide coaching support.
acceptance, skills, regulate, motivation, phone
Alzheimer’s Dementia involves three stages associated with Stage One: (…), Stage Two: (…), and Stage Three: (…).
anterograde amnesia (especially declarative), retrograde amnesia, and severely deteriorated intellectual functioning.
Sleep Terror Disorder involves (…) (Stage 3 and 4) sleep and is 1-(…) minutes in duration.
non-REM, 1-10 minutes
A person with Tourette’s Disorder is MOST likely to have (…).
obsessions and compulsions
Alzheimer’s memory impairment is linked to deficiencies in the neurotransmitter, (…).
acetylcholine
Poorest prognosis for Schizophrenia is with (…), predominantly (…) symptoms, and (…) onset.
male, negative, early
Schizophrenia requires 2 or more active phase symptoms, to include either one of these three: (…).
hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech
Orgasmic reconditioning is used to treat (…).
paraphillias or paraphillic disorders
Marlett and Gordon suggest alcohol relapse is LEAST likely when relapse is seen as (…) and (…).
external, controllable
Acute Stress Disorder requires (…) or more dissociative symptoms.
three
Brief Psychotic Disorder is 1 day to (…). Schizophreniform is (…) to (…) months. Schizophrenia is more than (…) months.
one month, one month to six months, six months
Dementia onset is (…), which means gradual.
insidious
Predictors associated with successful cessation from nicotine include: (…) gender, (…) age, (…) age of onset, (…) dependence. Most effective combo treatment.
male, younger, earlier, low nicotine
Sleep Terror is associated with a (…) arousal and behavioral signs of (…).
autonomic, fear
Contrary to gender prevalence in early onset for OCD, MDD adolescents tend to be (…).
female
Contrary to Moffitt’s “life-course-persistent” conduct disorder, “adolescence-limited” reflects a “(…)”.
maturity-gap
Learned Helplessness Model (Seligman) involves (…), (…), (…) attributions for (…) events.
internal, stable, global, uncontrollable
Primary gain in conversion disorder is associated with keeping an (…) out of (…).
inner conflict, consciousness
High levels of (…) by family members are associated with relapse and rehospitalization for Schizophrenics.
expressed emotions (open criticism, hostility)
Physical factors associated with erectile dsyfunction include: diabetes, (…) and kidney disease, (…), and some psychopharm drugs.
liver, MS
Alcohol-related disorders include: (…), (…) , and (…).
Alcohol Withdrawal, Korsakoff Syndrome, and Alcohol-Induced Sleep Disorder
Alcohol Withdrawal involves: hand tremor, (…) , nausea, (…) , transient (…) or (…), and grand (…) following cessation after heavy drinking.
insomnia, anxiety, illusions or hallucinations, grand mal seizures
Dyssomnias include (…) and breathing-related sleep d/o. Breathing related is commonly sleep (…) and can cause excessive (…).
narcolepsy, apnea, sleepiness
Narcolepsy is characterized by (…) attacks of (…) sleep with (…) or an intrusions of REM sleep during the transition between sleep and wakefulness.
irresistible, restorative, cataplexy
NIMH Depression Study: CBT, IPT, and Imipramine initially no different. F/U study found symptom free: (…)% CBT, (…)% IPT, (…)% drug, and (…) placebo.
30%, 26%, 19%, 20%
Two negative symptoms of Schizophrenia include: (…), the poverty of speech, and (…), lack of drive.
alogia, avolition
Irradiation and Chemotherapy for leukemia have been linked to impaired (…) functioning and (…) disabilities
neurocognitive, learning
Beck’s Cognitive Triad includes negative beliefs about: (…), (…), and (…).
self, world (situation), the future
OCD is treated psychopharmacologically with the tricyclic (…) or an (…). This is in combination with (…) exposure.
clomipramine, SSRI, in vivo
Schizophrenia is associated with abnormal levels in the following neurotransmitters: (…), (…), and (…). Prevalence is higher for (…) and modal age of onset is (…) - (…) for men, (…) - (…) for women.
dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, men, 18-25, 25-35
(…) is a somatoform d/o NOS for a woman who believes she is pregnant and has physical signs of pregnancy, but isn’t really.
psuedocyesis
Borderline Intellectual Functioning: people with IQ in the (…)-(…) range. MR is more appropriate if IQ is (…)-(…) + adaptive functioning deficits.
71-84, 71-75
(…) is an effective treatment for SAD.
Phototherapy
Antisocial Personality D/O: Must be at least (…) y.o., have a hx of (…) Disorder before age (…), and include 3 symptoms since that age (e.g. deceitfulness, impulsivity, lack of remorse).
18, 15
BPD is most commonly diagnosed in folks aged (…)-(…).
19-34
Delusional Disorder lasts at least (…) month(s) and does not impair functioning.
one
Frotteurism is a (…) characterized by intense fantasies, (…) urges, and (…) or (…) against a (…) person.
paraphilia, sexual, touching or rubbing, nonconsenting
People with pseudodementia usually have impaired (…) but intact (…) memory and a greater impairment of (…) (vs. declarative) memories.
recall, recognition, procedural
(…) involves persistent (…) pain during intercourse.
Dyspareunia, genital
DSM-5 Erectile Disorder requires symptoms for (…) months.
six (6)
The (…) hypothesis suggests that depression is due to a deficiency in (…).
catecholamine, norepinephrine
New to DSM-5, manic episodes require persistently increased (…) or (…).
activity or energy
Dissociative Amnesia involves 1+ episodes with inability to recall important (…) information, not attributed to (…) (…). Most common types are (…) and selective.
personal, ordinary forgetfulness, localized
Premature Ejaculation occurs with minimal (…) (…), around (…) and before the person desires it. Linked to low (…) levels and treated with a (…).
sexual stimulation, penetration, serotonin, SSRI
(…) is the cause of 10-30% of all moderate to severe retardation, associated with slanted, (…)-shaped (…), (…) lesions, (…), and respiratory defects.
Down syndrome, almond, eyes, heart, cataracts
Alcohol-Withdrawal Delirium involves: (…), (…), and autonomic (…).
hallucinations, delusions, and hyperactivity
ECT to the right-hemisphere produces (…) anterograde amnesia for (…) tasks.
verbal and nonverbal
In DSM-V, (…) is no longer an anxiety disorder.
OCD
Smoking cessation, includes nicotine replacement with (…) from a clinician and (…) training.
support, skills
New ADHD criteria requires at lease (…) symptoms for (…) months. ADHD has a comorbidity rate with a learning disorder of (…)-(…)%.
six, six; 20-30%
New DSM-5 Criterion A for PTSD includes: actual or threatened (…), serious (…), or (…) violence.
death, injury, sexual
Anorexia but not Bulimia requires a restriction in necessary (…) intake.
energy
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder: Diagnosed between age (…) and (…), onset of symptoms before age (…).
6-18, 10
