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WJEC GCSE flashcards > Physics unit 1 > Flashcards

Physics unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

In which direction does a magnetic field move?

A

Always from North to South

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2
Q

how does a battery make electricity flow

A

it acts like a pump and provides the force to push the charge around

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3
Q

what is current

A

the flow of charge around a circuit

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4
Q

what instrument is used to measure current

A

an ammeter

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5
Q

what is not used up in a circuit

A

current

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6
Q

what is a series circuit

A

a circuit that is connected in one continuous loop

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7
Q

what is a parallel circuit

A

at some point the circuit splits into 2 branches and the current is split between them before rejoining later

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8
Q

what is electrical current

A

the rate of flow of charge

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9
Q

what is voltage

A

a measure of the energy being carried by electric charges (in a circuit)

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10
Q

in a series circuit the current is …

A

the same

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11
Q

in a series circuit the voltage is …

A

split between components

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12
Q

in a parallel circuit the current is …

A

split

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13
Q

in a parallel circuit the voltage is …

A

equal on each branch

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14
Q

what is resistance

A

a measure of how well a component opposes current.

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15
Q

the higher the resistance…

A

the lower the current

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16
Q

what is the equation to calculate resistance

A

resistance = voltage
______
current

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17
Q

what is resistance measured in

A

Ohms

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18
Q

what is the equation for the total resistance in a series circuit

A

total resistance = R1 + R2 + R3 …..

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19
Q

what is the equation for the total resistance in a parallel circuit

A

total resistance = 1 + 1 + ….
—– —–
R1 R2

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20
Q

what is an LDR

A

light dependent resistor

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21
Q

what does an LDR do

A

it changes resistance with light

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22
Q

what is a thermistor / Ntc (negative temperature co - efficient)

A

a heat dependent resistor that changes resistance with heat levels. the higher the temperature the lower the resistance

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23
Q

what is power

A

the rate of energy transfer/the energy transferred per second

24
Q

what is power measured in

A

Watts (W)

25
Q

what the equation for power

A

power = energy
———-
time

26
Q

what is the equation for electrical power

A

power = voltage x current
or
power = current x resistance

27
Q

what is a diode

A

a device that only lets current flow through it in one direction

28
Q

what does LED stand for

A

light emitting diode

29
Q

name 3 examples of transverse waves

A

radio waves, micro waves, gamma rays

30
Q

name 3 uses of radio waves

A
  • broadcasting on radio or tv
  • MRI scanning
  • communicating with submarines
31
Q

name 3 uses of micro waves

A
  • microwave ovens
  • satellite communications
  • Wi-Fi
32
Q

name 3 uses of infra red radiation

A
  • short range communications e.g remote controls
  • optical fibers
  • thermal imaging cameras
33
Q

name 3 uses of visible light

A
  • vision
  • photography
  • illumination
34
Q

name 3 uses of ultra violet

A
  • security tags
  • fluorescent lightbulbs
  • backlights
35
Q

name 2 uses of x-rays

A
  • to detect cancers
  • x-rays to find broken bones
36
Q

name 2 uses of gamma rays

A
  • industrial sensors
  • to detect cancer
37
Q

what waves on the EM spectrum contain ionising radiation

A

ultra violet
x-rays
gamma rays

38
Q

what is the EM spectrum

A

the electromagnetic spectrum

39
Q

what is refraction

A

when a wave passes into a different medium and it changes speed

40
Q

what are fiber optics

A

(usually) glass cables that can carry communications. the information is sent as electromagnetic radiation (infra red)

41
Q

name 3 uses of optical fibres

A
  • internet
  • cable TV
  • phone signals
42
Q

fiber optics are good for …
1. long range communications
2. short range communications

A
  1. long range communications
43
Q

what kind of material makes light waves slow down

A

materials that have higher optical densities

44
Q

what kind of material makes light waves slow down

A

materials that have higher optical densities

45
Q

what is an example of a natural satellite

A

the moon

46
Q

what is a geosynchronous orbit

A

the object only returns to the same position every 24hours

47
Q

what is a geostationary orbit

A

will always orbit above the same position on the earth’s surface. orbits round the equator

48
Q

what is 1 disadvantage of a nuclear power station

A

high decommissioning cost

49
Q

what is 1 disadvantage of a wind farm

A

it is unreliable

50
Q

what is 1 disadvantage of a coal fired power station

A

high CO2 emissions

51
Q

state 1 advantage of the national grid

A

it is a reliable source of electricity all year round

52
Q

give two examples of transverse waves

A
  • water wave
  • electro magnetic wave
53
Q

what is 1 example of a transverse wave

A

sound waves

54
Q

what is the frequency of a wave

A

the number of waves per second

55
Q

what is the amplitude of a wave

A

the maximum displacement of the wave

56
Q

finish the sentences
glass is _____ dense than air
when light enters the glass block it ________ ______ the normal.
when the light enters the glass block its speed ______

A

more
bends towards
decreases

57
Q

what is the equation to work out pressure

A

pressure = force / area

WJEC GCSE flashcards (11 decks)

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