Geography unit 1 Flashcards
what are lowland areas
up to 200m above sea level
geology is younger sedimentry rock (prone to erosion)
climate is usually warmer and drier
e.g SE wales, cardiff, newport
what are upland areas
200 to 500m above sea level
geology is mainly old, hard and igneous and metamorphic rock forming mountains
e.g central and NE of wales, brecon, snowdonia
how did ice ages affect the landscape
craved the uplands areas with u shaped valleys, ribbon lakes and sharp arete mountain ridges e.g snowdonia
what are human attractions
man made attraction e.g castles/theme parks
what are physical attractions
natural landscapes e.g hills, rivers, beaches
what is carry capacity
the maximum number of people a place can have before damage is done
what is a honey pot site
places of special interest that attract lots of visitors e.g disney land
what is visitor pressure
the impact of tourists on a place due to the increased number of people
what are national parks
areas of conservation and preservation where people can enjoy recreation and that are preserved for future generations e.g brecon beacons
what is hydraulic action
sheer force of the waves is forced into cracks where pressure is compressed and material is worn away
what is abrasion
erosion by rocks scrapping or being hurled at cliffs
what is attrition
rocks knock together becoming rounded and smooth
what is corrosion
chemicals in the water dissolves chemicals in the rock, breaking it down
what is mass movement
the moevment of material from the cliff or land to the beach under the force of gravity
what are rock falls
rocks broken by freeze thaw weathering rolling down a slope
what are landslides
earth becomes unstable and falls
what is slumping
soil slowly creeps downhill under gravity
name 4 characteristics of constructive waves
- strong swash (up beach) and weak backwash (down beach)
- causes deposition
- gentle sloping beach
- calm, little wind weather conditions
name 4 characteristics of destructive waves
- weak swash (up beach) and strong backwash (down beach)
- causes erosion and material movement
- steep sloped and pebbly
- harsh, windy conditions
where does the prevailing wind in the UK come from
the south west
what is a meander
a bend in the river formed by lateral erosion
what is liquefaction
when vibrations cause soil particles to lose contact with one another. the soil behaves like a liquid and cannot support its weight so can flow down slopes
