Physics paper 2

Question 1

What is contact force?

Answer 1

When objects physically touching

Question 2

What is a non-contact force?

Answer 2

When objects aren’t touching

Question 3

What is a Scaler quantity?

Answer 3

A quantity that only has magnitude

Question 4

What is a vector quantity?

Answer 4

A quantity that has magnitude and direction

Question 5

How do you find the resultant vector?

Answer 5

By adding the forces together (they may be negative)

Question 6

Give examples of scalar quantities?

Answer 6

Distance
Speed
Mass
Energy
Temperature

Question 7

Give examples of Vector qunatities?

Answer 7

Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration
Force
Momentum

Question 8

What is weight?

Answer 8

The force that gravity pulls an object down with

Question 9

What is work done?

Answer 9

Energy transferred by a force

Question 10

What does it mean if an object is elastic?

Answer 10

It returns to its original shape after being deformed

Question 11

What’s Hooke’s Law?

Answer 11

Force and extension are DIRECTLY proportional

Question 12

What does the gradient on a force extension graph represent?

Answer 12

Spring Constant

Question 13

What is the practical for Spring Constant?

Answer 13

Add masses onto spring to change force

Measure extension with ruler at each weight

Plot Force against Extension

Gradient = Spring constant

Must be on eye level when measuring

Question 14

What does the gradient of a Distance / Displacement-Time graph?

Answer 14

Speed / Velocity

Question 15

What does the gradient of a speed / velocity - Time graph give you?

Answer 15

Acceleration

Question 16

What is the equation for acceleration?

Answer 16

Change in velocity DIVIDED BY time

Question 17

What does the area under a speed / velocity - Time graph give you?

Answer 17

Displacement

Question 18

What is the SUVA equation?

Answer 18

2as = v2 - u2

Question 19

What is Newton’s First Law?

Answer 19

If no resultant force acts on an object, it’s motion will be constant

Question 20

What is Newton’s Second Law?

Answer 20

F = ma

Question 21

What is Newton’s Third Law?

Answer 21

For every action there’s an equal and opposite reaction

Question 22

What is the F = ma practical?

Answer 22

Accelerate trolley on track with slotted mass on string over pulley

Use photogates to measure acceleration

Change force by removing masses and placing on trolley

Plot F against A, gradient = total mass.

Question 23

What’s the formula for stopping distance?

Answer 23

Stopping D = Thinking D + Braking D

Question 24

What factors affect thinking distance?

Answer 24

Speed (proportional)
Distractions
Alcohol
Drugs

Question 25

What factors affect braking distance?

Answer 25

Speed Condition of road or tyres Weather conditions

Question 26

What is the law of conservation of momentum?

Answer 26

In any collisoin, total momentum is ALWAYS conserved.

Question 27

Formula for momentum?

Answer 27

Momentum = mv

Question 28

What is a feature of waves?

Answer 28

They transfer energy without transferring matter

Question 29

What are features of LONGTUDINAL waves?

Answer 29

The direction of oscillations is PARALLEL to the direction of energy transfer

Question 30

What are features of TRANSVERSE waves?

Answer 30

The direction of oscillations is PERPENDICULAR to the direction of energy transfer

Question 31

What is the wave equation?

Answer 31

Wave speed = frequency x wavelength

Question 32

What is amplitude?

Answer 32

The height of the wave

Question 33

What is the order of the EM spectrum?

Answer 33

Radio waves Micro waves Infra-red Visible light Ultra violet X-rays Gamma rays

Question 34

What are the features of the EM Spectrum?

Answer 34

As you go across the Spectrum... Wavelength gets shorter Frequency gets higher Energy increases

Question 35

What features of EM WAVES?

Answer 35

All EM waves are emitted and absorbed by electrons If the energy of the wave is high enough it can cause an electron to leave its atom leaving an ion.

Question 36

What is the practical for the EM spectrum?

Answer 36

Show that MATTER BLACK is the best emitter and absorber of IR Use leslie cube with IR thermometer

Question 37

What happens when waves enter a new medium/ material?

Answer 37

Their speed and angle changes

Question 38

What does it mean if a wave bends towards to the normal?

Answer 38

It slows down

Question 39

How does the wave bending towards the normal affect the angle of refraction?

Answer 39

This mean the angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence

Question 40

How and why does light through a prism?

Answer 40

Light disperses through a prism because different wavelengths are refracted different amounts When the light exits, it speeds up again, and it bends AWAY from the normal.

Question 41

What is the difference between permanent and induced magnets?

Answer 41

Permanent Magnets always produce a magnetic field Induced Magnets become magnetised when in another magnetic field

Question 42

How do we always draw field lines?

Answer 42

Going from the North Pole to the South pole

Question 43

What three materials are magnetic?

Answer 43

Iron Cobalt and Nickel

Question 44

What does it mean to be magnetic?

Answer 44

Can become induced magnets Are attracted to permanent magnets

Question 45

What are two examples of materials that are NOT magnetic?

Answer 45

Aluminium and Copper

Question 46

What is the motor effect?

Answer 46

A current-carrying wire in a magnetic field will experience a force It produces its own magnetic field that interacts with the other

Question 47

What is Fleming's left hand rule?

Answer 47

Thumb = force Index = Magnetic flux density Middle = Current

Question 48

What does Fleming's left hand rule do?

Answer 48

Gives you the direction of the force

Question 49

What is the right hand rule?

Answer 49

Thumb = direction of current Fingers = magnetic field direction

Question 50

What is the practical for finding magnetic flux density?

Answer 50

Place magnet on balance Tare balance, measure 'mass' when known current flowing Convert to Newtons Measure length of wire in field Rearrange F=BIL to calculate B.

Question 51

How do motors use the motor effect?

Answer 51

Both sides of a coil experience a force in opposite directions It then turns

Question 52

How do you increase the speed of a motor?

Answer 52

Add more turns to coil Increase P.D / current Use stronger magnet

Question 53

Why is a split-ring commutator used in a motor?

Answer 53

Ensures current is reversed every half turn Keeps coil spinning Current always flows for Positive to Negative

Question 54

How do loudspeakers use the motor effect?

Answer 54

A current is sent from source This causes coil and speaker cone to vibrate. This produces sound waves