Chem paper 1 Flashcards
Who created the Second Model of atoms and describe its shape
JJ Thompson created the plum pudding model in which it had a positive charge with small electrons scattered around it
Which scientist discovered that the nucleus was small and positively charged
Ernest Rutherford
How did Ernest Rutherford find out that protons were small
He shot Alpha particles at a small gold leaf in which most passed through but the ones shot in the middle were reflected showing that the nucleus did not cover the entire atom
Which scientist discovered that electrons existed in shells
Neil Bohr
Which scientist discovered that the nucleus of an atom had to contain neutrons alongside protons
James Chadwick
What charge do each subatomic particle contain
-For protons there is a 1 positive charge
-For electrons there is a 1 negative charge
-For neutrons there is no charge that it emitts
Explain the first and second Step in development of the periodic table
At the start Elements were ordered according to there atomic weight even though some were grouped together to having
Demetri Mendeleev organised the periodic table based on similar properties in which he left gaps in which would later be discovered
What are the order of which shells can appear
First shell is two second is 8 third is 8 and fourth is 2 before repeating
Do metals lose or gain electrons in order to gain a full outer shell
They lose Electrons
Why are some Elements more reactive then others
Some elements are more reactive then others due to the electromagnetic forces of attraction being less
True or False and if so why :
The Noble gasses are very unreactive
True
This is due to them already having a full outer shell
How does Metallic Bonding occur
The metal atoms form a lattice (Grid) of ions surrounded by a sea of delocalised electrons
How are ionic bonded structures Arranged
They are arranged in a lattice of repeating units of positive and negative ions which form crystals
Give characteristics given to ionic structures
High boiling point and melting points
Give characteristics given to metallic bonded structures
They are good conductors of electricity and heat
Why are Metallic bonded structures Good at conducting heat and electricity
This is due to the electrons being free to move
Why do ionic bonded structures have high melting and boiling points
This is due to strong ionic bonds because the ions have strong electromagnetic forces between them
What are Fullerenes and what are they used for
They are 3d Giant covalent structures and are used for electronics and medical purposes
What is the name given to one layer of graphite
Graphene
What are Alloys
Alloys are a mixture of metals
Why are metal Alloys on average harder then pure metals
This is due to the different sized atoms disrupting the lattice so that they cannot slide over each other so easily
How do we calculate relative formula mass
We add the individual Relative atomic masses of the other elements
What are the two ways in which you can calculate moles
mass(grams) Mass(Grams)
———————– OR ————————-
Relative Atomic Relative Formula
Mass Mass
How do we calculate Moles of gas to volume
From Moles of gas to volume we times by 24
From volume to gas we divide by 24
