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GCSE 🏋🏾‍♂️ > Physics P1 > Flashcards

Physics P1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is energy ?

A

Energy is the ability to do work

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2
Q

What are the units for energy ?

A

Joules

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3
Q

What are the 5 most common energy stores ?

A

Chemical , kinetic , Gravitational potential , thermal and elastic potential.

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4
Q

What is a chemical energy store ?

A

The energy stored in chemical bonds molecules

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5
Q

What is an example of a chemical energy store?

A

A battery or fuel.

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6
Q

What is a kinetic energy store?

A

The energy of a moving object

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7
Q

What is an example of kinetic energy store ?

A

Buses , cars and runners .

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8
Q

What is Gravitational potential energy store?

A

The energy of an object at height.

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9
Q

What is a thermal energy store?

A

The total energy of particles in an object.

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10
Q

What is an example of a thermal energy store ?

A

Hot coffee or a radiator

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11
Q

What is elastic potential energy store ?

A

This is the energy stored when an object is stretched and squashed .

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12
Q

What is a magnetic energy store ?

A

The energy stored when repelling poles have been pushed closer.

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13
Q

What is an electrostatic energy store ?

A

The energy stored when repelling charges have been moved closer.

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14
Q

What is a nuclear energy store ?

A

The energy stored in the nucleas of an atom .

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15
Q

How do we increase an energy store ?

A

Energy must be transferred between stores

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16
Q

What are the five types of energy transfer?

A

Heating
Electrical
Light
Sound
Mechanical

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17
Q

What is the definition of the energy transfer heating ?

A

The transfer of heat energy from a hotter object to a cooler object.

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18
Q

What is the mechanical energy transfer ?

A

The transfer of energy through the movement or actions of objects.

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19
Q

What is electrical energy transfer ?

A

The transfer of energy through the flow of electric charges in an conductor.

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20
Q

What is the conservation of energy ?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed it can only be transferred from on store another .

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21
Q

What is a system ?

A

A system is a chosen object or a group of objects.

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22
Q

What is a closed system ?

A

A closed system is an isolated system in which no energy transfers take place into or out of the system .

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23
Q

What is work ?

A

Work is the amount of energy transferred when a force moves. Like pushing or pulling something.

24
Q

What is the difference between work and energy ?

A

Work is the effort it takes to move something against a force and energy is the ability to do work , like fuel .

25
What is the equation for work done ?
Work = force x distance
26
Calculate the work done when a person applies a force of 15 N to move a box moving it 2 metres?
15 x 2 = 30 J
27
What is friction ?
Friction is a contact force that opposes the direction of movement when two surfaces are in control .
28
What is gravitational potential energy ?
Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position above the Earths surface .
29
How do you calaculate the gravitational potential energy ?
GPE = mass x GFS x height
30
What is gravitational field strength ?
This is a measure of the force of gravity .
31
A crane lifts a 75 kg mass a height of 8m . Calcualte the gravitational potential energy gained by the mass ( g = 9.8 N/kg ).
75 x 9.8 x 8 = 5880 J
32
What is the definition of kinetic energy store?
The amount of energy an object has as a result of its mass and speed .
33
What is the equation for kinetic energy ?
Kinetic energy = 1/2 x mass x speed squared .
34
Calculate the kinetic energy stored in a vehicle of masd 1200 kg moving at a speed of 27 m/s.
Mass = 1200 kg Speed = 27 m/s Kinetic energy = 1/2 x 1200 x ( 27 ) squared. = 440,000 J
35
What is Elastic potential energy ?
The energy stored in an elastic object when work is done on the object .
36
What does the definition of the elastic potential energy store mean ?
It means that any object that can change shape by stretching, bending or compressing
37
What is an example of elastic potential energy ?
When a spring is stretched work is done on the spring which results in energy being transferred to the elastic potential store of the spring . When the spring is released, energy is transferred away from its elastic potential energy store.
38
What is the equation for Elastic Potential energy ?
EPE = 1/2 x N x extension
39
Do you convert the units given in a question related to elastic potential energy to metres ?
Yes always
40
What is useful energy ?
Useful energy is energy transferred to where it is wanted and in the form it is wanted .
41
What is wasted energy ?
Wasted energy is energy not usefully transferred.
42
What happens to wasted energy ?
Wasted energy is eventually transferred into the surroudings .
43
What is wasted energy also known as ?
Dissipated energy
44
Why is it important to not waste energy ?
Because sometimes energy can be used for something else and the wasted energy can't get reused.
45
What is the efficiency of a system ?
Its the measure of the amount of wasted energy in an energy transfer .
46
What is efficiency ?
The ratio of the useful energy output from a system to its energy input.
47
What is one equation for efficiency ?
Useful output energy transfer / total input energy transfer
48
A blender converts 700 J of energy into 150 J of useful energy .
150 /700 = 0.21
49
How can we improve the efficiency of a device ?
We can do this by reducing the wasted energy transfers and increasing the useful energy transfers .
50
What is power ?
The rate at which energy is transferred .
51
What is power measured in ?
Watts
52
What is the equation for power ?
Power = Energy transferred / time
53
What is another equation used to find power ?
Power = Work done / time
54
Is energy transferred and work done the same thing ?
Yes
55
How is power described ?
How fast the energy is transferred from one store to another .
56
Calculate the energy transferred when an iron with a power rating of 2000 W is used for 5 minutes .
1. 2000 W and then covert 5 minutes in to seconds so 5 x 60 = 300 s 2. Rearange the equation - power x time = energy 3. 2000 x 300 = 600,000 J
57
9
The amount of energy required to raise the temprature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degrees .

GCSE 🏋🏾‍♂️ (28 decks)

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