PHYSICS MT1 Flashcards
interaction of matter force and energy
PHYSICS
solid, liquid or gas
MATTER
push or pull
FORCE
capcity to do work
ENERGY
two branches of physics
CLASSICAL
MODERN
before the beginning of 20th century
CLASSICAL
during the beginning of 20th century
MODERN
under classic (5)
MECHANICS
HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICS
OPTICS
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
ACOUSTICS
under modern ( 5)
NUCLEAR
SPECIAL RELATIVITY
GENERAL RELATIVITY
PARTICLE PHYSICS
QUANTUM
deals with motion force work and energy
MECHANICS
deals with the effects of heat when added to or removed from system
HEAT AND THERMODYNAMICSde
deals with the study of light
OPTICS
phenomenona associated wigth electrical changes magentism and its relationship
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
three example of heat transfer
CONDUCTION
CONVECTION
RADIATION
heat transfers to your hands as ypu hold the coffee cup
CONDUCTION
heat transfers as the barista steams cold milk to make hot cocoa
CONVECTION
reheating old cuo of coffee in ksicorwave
RADIATION
deals with properties transmission and perception of different tyoes of waves
ACOUSTICS
deals a properties reaction within atomic nucleus
NUCLEAR PHYSICS
associated when objects moves with speed
SPECIAL RELATIVITY
how mayter causes space-time and how the curvature of it dictate the trajectory of matter/light
GENERAL RELATIVITY
whatever goes up goes down
GRAVITY
building blocks of matter
PARTICLE PHYSICS
nature or behavior of matter and energy on the atomic and subatomic levels
QUANTUM MECHANICS
detecting smoke in our house
NUCLEAR PHYSICS
telescopes , cameras
OPTICS
gps
SPECIAL RELATIVITY
focuses on gravity
GENERAL RELATIVITY
a grain of sand
PARTICLE PL\HYSICS
lasers / ELECTRON MICROSCOPES
QUANTUM MECHANICS
the process of comparing something with a standard
MEASUREMENT
informal system of measurement
HANDSPAN
CUBIT
ARMSPAN
FACE
FOOTSPAN
international unit
METRIC SYSTEM
basic unit of metric system
METER KILOGRAM SECOND
CENTIMETER GRAM SECONDmk
conversion ratio
ENGLISH SYSTEM
english system basic unit
FOOT POUND SECONDS
modern form of metric system
SI UNITS
more precise and definite standard
SI UNITS
two types of physical quantities
FUNDAMENTAL
DERIVED
base unit of length
METER m
base unit of mass
KILOGRAMS Kg
BASE UNIT of time
SECONDS s
BASIC UNIT OF ELECTRIC
AMPERE (a)
BASE UNIT OF TEMperature
KELVIN Ko
how many is kelvin
273
base unit of substance
MOL (mol)
BASE UNIT OF INTENSITY
candela (cd)
COMBINATION OF fq
DERIVED QUANTITIES
distance trabvelled
M/S
accelaeration
M/S2
gravity acceleration
9.8
density
KG/M3
work
J . M
for simplifying very large amounts
SCIENTIFIC NOTATIONS
simplest way to convert one unit to another
UNIT CONVERSION
always equal to one
CONVERTION RATIO
used to denote decimal multiples and submultiples of the si units
SI PREFIXES
the measure of mass , the amount of matter
GRAM
the masure of legth
METER
the measur efor volu Me
LITER
the most valuabe tool that physical s cientists use
DIMENTIONAL ANALYSIS
always have a degree of u certainty because of unavoidable error
MEASUREMENTS
deviation of a measured value from the expected or true value
ERROR
way of expressing error
UNCERTAINTY
measured value true plus uncertainty
EQUATION
refers to the closeness of measured value to the expected or true value of a physical quantity
ACCURACY
represents how close or consistent the independent measurement of the same quantity are to one another
PRECISION
how far/close to the target
ACCURACY
frequency of same results over time
PRECISION
result from unpredictable or inevitable changes during data measurement
RANDOM ERROR
how can be errors reduced?
INCREASED NUMBER OF TRIALS
AVERAGING OUT RESULTS
calculated when there is an unexpected or true value of a quanitty
PERCENT ERROR
percent error formula
VA - VE OVER VE TIMES 100
approximate measured value
VA
exact value
VE
measure how far apart the different measured values are from each other and is therefore indication of a measurement
PERCENT DIFFERENCE
percent difference formula
X1-X2 OVER X1 + X2 DIVIDED BY 2 TIMES 100
range within which the value of a measured quantity is expected to lie
UNCERTAINTY
deviation as thre measured value from the true value can be classified as
ERROR
consistent and repeated errors cause by faulty in instruments or experimental set up
SYSTEMATIC ERROR
unpreditacble fructuations in measurements due to uncontrollable variables
RANDOM ERROR
uncertainty of a measurement expressed un the same units as the quality measurements
ABSOLUTE UNCERTAINTY
ratio of the absolute uncertainty to the measured value
RELATIVE UNCERTAINTY
measuring devices have finite precision, which introduces uncertainty
INSTRUMENTAL LIMITATIONS
inconsistencis in reading instruments or recording data can lead to random errors
HUMAN ERROR
variations in temperature , pressure or humidity
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR
assumptions made in setting up an experiment can introduce systematic errors
ASSUMPTION IN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
3 ways to minimize errors
CALIBRATION
REPETITION
CONTROL OF VARIABLES
regularly calibrating instruments can reduce synththic error
CALIBRATION
repeating measurement and taking average can mitigate the impact of errors
REPETITION
keeping external variables constant during an experiment helps minimize environmental impact
CONTROL OF VARIABLES
measured the squared deviation of each number in the set from the mean
VARIANCE
average data set
MEAN
square root of the bvariance
STANDARD DEVIATION
measures how diverse or spread out the measurements from their average
STANDARD DEVIATION
most of the measurements are close to their average
SMALL SD
means that the measurement are very diverse
LARGE SD
equation of mean
ENi = 1Xi OVER N
equation of variance
(Xi - mean) ^2 / N
EQUATION OF SD
square root of variance
