Physics Final Part 1

Question 1

Portable and mobile x-ray generators

Answer 1

Used to take radiographic images outside of the main department.

Question 2

Portable

Answer 2

Small enough to be packed into a carrying case and carried from place to place by one person.
Plugs into a standard household outlet (60 hz, 110 to 120 volts, single phase)

Question 3

How many components are in a portable xray generator?

Answer 3

3
1. tank
2. Control unit
3. Tube support

Question 4

Tank

Answer 4

lead lined steel tank containing:
xray tube - stationary anode tube
Transformers - Step up and step down filament transformer, and autotransformer
Insulating oil - Surrounds both tube and transformers
Rectifiers - 1,2, or 4
collimator

Question 5

Control unit

Answer 5

Contains timer circuit, and exposure switch

Question 6

Tube support stand

Answer 6

Maximum output is usually 75 kvp and 15-30 mA

Question 7

Mobile

Answer 7

Smaller size version of the xray unit normally found in a radiographic room.
Larger and heavier, mounted on wheels
Tube and collimator same size as those in xray room

Question 8

Direct power units

Answer 8

Plugs into outlet near patient
Utilize stationary anode tube and operate on 1/2 wave rectification
Input: 120 volts and 30 amps max
Output: limited to 25 mA and 90 kVp
Subject to fluctuations and power loss due to length of power lines

Question 9

Capacitor discharge

Answer 9

Uses a high-tension capacitor to power the x-ray tube that must be pre-charged before each exposure

Question 10

Capacitor discharge operation

Answer 10

a. unit is plugged into outlet, kvp and mas selected
b. Charge button pressed and capacitor charges selected value
c. green light goes on when fully charged
d. exposure should be made after light turns on or capacitor will lose charge
If it drops below 2 kvp, light will go out

Question 11

Wave tail cutoff

Answer 11

exposure is terminated

Question 12

Maximum output for capacitor discharge

Answer 12

100 kvp and 100 mas

Question 13

Cordless mobile

Answer 13

Uses a series of three to six 24 volt lead wet-cell or nickel cadmium batteries
Batteries supply power to electric motor which propels unit to desired location
Batteries also power a rotary convertor

Question 14

Cordless mobile output

Answer 14

125kvp and 300 ma
Batteries must be recharged when unit is not in use

Question 15

High frequency mobile

Answer 15

May be cordless or plugged into an outlet.
Power is sent through a microprocessor that increases the frequency of the alternating current.
Range from 30 to 60 kW in power output.
Exposure times as short as 3ms
up to 133 kvp and 300 mas

Question 16

Mobile c-arm

Answer 16

Places an image intensifier opposite the x-ray tube which displays the final image on a viewing monitor.
Both dynamic and static images can be stored digitally in the system.

Question 17

How many top advantages are there for portable and mobile generators?

Answer 17

6

Question 18

Mobility and portability

Answer 18

One significant benefit of using a portable or mobile unit X-ray is their ability to avoid transports and extra movements of patients

Question 19

Speed

Answer 19

Radiograph examinations using portable and mobile imaging equipment offer less processing speed and eliminate long wait-times.

Question 20

Safety

Answer 20

Radiation exposure is one of the primary health concerns for both the patient and personnel in using traditional medical imaging equipment.
However, studies show that there’s a significant reduction of radiation exposure in using mobile radiology devices.

Question 21

Cost effecitveness

Answer 21

Patient transports are costly.
Portable and mobile X-ray devices show potential socio-economic advantages by reducing the use of ambulance and taxi transportation, as well as personnel pull-out to accompany the patients to and from the hospital.

Question 22

Image quality

Answer 22

Portable digital x-ray machines are equipped with high-tech features. This allows technologists to get high-quality images in a short time.
The DR image receptors have fast acquisition time and image quality.

Question 23

Overall patient care quality

Answer 23

The efficiency in digital imaging technology has helped eliminate X-ray exam retakes and provide fast and accurate information.
With portable X-ray machines, radiologists and patients can have accurate and fast results, without risking patients to come to medical departments to take the exam.