Physics END OF YEAR EXAM Revision Flashcards
Types of energy/energy stores
Chemical, Kinetic, Gravitational Potential, Thermal, Nuclear, Elastic Potential, Magnetic, Electrostatic
Chemical energy examples
Food, batteries
Kinetic energy examples
Train moving, person falling, planets orbiting the Sun
Gravitational potential energy examples
Plane flying, hot air balloons, jumping
Thermal energy examples
Internal body heat, lamp, stars
Nuclear energy examples
Nuclear bombs, stars
Elastic potential energy example
Elastic bands
Magnetic energy examples
Magnets, cars, washing machines
Electrostatic energy example
Electricity
Types of energy transfer
Heating, work done by force, work done by a current, radiation
Efficiency
Useful energy out
————————-
Total energy in
Gravitational potential energy
Mass x Gravitational Strength x Height
Kinetic energy
1/2 x mass x velocity squared
3 processes that heat can be transferred by
Conduction, convection, radiation
Conduction is when heat is transferred by…
Vibrations
Example of a good conductor
Metals
Convection is for heat transfers with…
Liquids and gasses
Conduction is for heat transfers with…
Solids
Heat radiation is best with ??? coloured objects
Black/dark
Conduction examples
The handle of a metal pan getting hot, wearing lots of layers of clothes in winter
Convection examples
An electric fan heater heating a room, an oven cooking a turkey, a sea breeze, boiling a kettle
Heat radiation examples
Toaster making toast, a white shirt keeping you cool in the summer, heat from a fire
Example of a good insulator
Trapped air
Solutions for heat loss in houses
Double glazing in windows, underfloor heating, loft insulation
Renewable energy sources
Solar, wind, biomass, hydroelectric power, tidal, wave, geothermal
Non renewable energy sources
Coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear
Wind power positives
Renewable, can be put in the sea
Wind power negatives
Ugly, kills birds, only works when there is wind
Coal (as a source of energy) positives
Cheap, easy to find
Coal (as a source of energy) negatives
Non renewable, not environmentally friendly
Solar power positives
Renewable, can be put on houses
Solar power negatives
Only works during the day, expensive
Hydroelectric power positives
Renewable, can provide a lot of electricity
Hydroelectric power negatives
Expensive, can cause flooding
Oil (as a source of energy) positives
Easy to gather, easy to transport
Oil (as a source of energy) negatives
Non renewable, oil spills cause death and damage to marine life
Average walking speed
1.4 m/s
Speed formula
Distance
————
Time
Difference between vector and scalar quantities
A vector quantity is magnitude in a certain direction, scalar quantities have no direction
Vector quantity examples
Velocity, all forces, displacement values
Scalar quantity examples
Speed, time, mass, energy
Speed
How fast an object is moving
Velocity
Speed in a certain direction
Distance
How far something has or will travel
Displacement
Distance in one direction as the fastest route
Acceleration formula
v-u
—-
t