Chemistry END OF YEAR EXAM Revision

Question 1

John Dalton discovered…

Answer 1

All matter is made of atoms, which are tiny, each element has its own type of atom

Question 2

John Dalton was wrong when he said…

Answer 2

Atoms are spheres that cannot be broken down, and we cannot create nor destroy them

Question 3

Mendeleev originally sorted the elements in order of…

Answer 3

Atomic mass

Question 4

Mendeleev did what to the elements with similar properties?

Answer 4

Put them in the same row

Question 5

Mendeleev left what for the future?

Answer 5

Gaps in the periodic table

Question 6

Elements are now arranged in order of…

Answer 6

Atomic number

Question 7

The columns in the periodic table are…

Answer 7

Groups

Question 8

The rows in the periodic table are called…

Answer 8

Periods

Question 9

The group number represents…

Answer 9

The amount of electrons in the outer shell of the atom

Question 10

Metal Properties

Answer 10

Dense, shiny, malleable, high melting point, good conductors of heat and electricity

Question 11

Non metal properties

Answer 11

Dull, brittle, low melting point, less dense, poor conductors of heat and electricity

Question 12

Isotope formula

Answer 12

(% x Amount of neutrons) + (% x Amount of neutrons)

—————————————————————————
100

Question 13

Filtration separates…

Answer 13

Insoluble solids from a liquid

Question 14

Separation techniques

Answer 14

Simple distillation, Fractional distillation, filtration, crystallisation, paper chromatography

Question 15

Paper chromatography separates…

Answer 15

A mixture of liquids using a solvent

Question 16

Rf value calculation

Answer 16

Distance moved by ink
————————————-
Distance moved by solvent

Question 17

Two phases of chromatography

Answer 17

Stationary phase, mobile phase

Question 18

Simple distillation is used to…

Answer 18

Separate a solvent and solute from a solution

Question 19

Describe simple distillation

Answer 19

The solution is heated until it boils (it should have anti bumping granules in), the solvent vapour evaporates travels up and along to the condenser. When the vapour reaches the cold glass it condenses as a distillate

Question 20

Fractional Distillation is used to…

Answer 20

Separate mixtures containing more than one liquid with different boiling points

Question 21

Crystallisation is used to…

Answer 21

Obtain a solute from a solvent

Question 22

Describe Crystallisation

Answer 22

The solution is heated to evaporate the solvent, leaving the solute that was dissolved into it. The solute is then left and crystals are formed.

Question 23

In crystallisation the quicker the solvent evaporates…

Answer 23

…the smaller the crystals will be

Question 24

Element

Answer 24

A single type of atom

Question 25

Compound

Answer 25

Two or more elements chemically bonded together

Question 26

Mixture

Answer 26

Two or more elements or compounds not chemically bonded together

Question 27

Pure

Answer 27

Contains a single type of element or compound

Question 28

Solvent

Answer 28

A liquid which has something dissolved in it

Question 29

Solute

Answer 29

A solid that may dissolve

Question 30

Solution

Answer 30

A mixture of a solute and a solvent

Question 31

Soluble

Answer 31

A substance that will dissolve

Question 32

Solid to liquid

Answer 32

Melting

Question 33

Liquid to solid

Answer 33

Freezing

Question 34

Liquid to gas

Answer 34

Evaporating/boiling

Question 35

Gas to liquid

Answer 35

Condensing

Question 36

Gas to solid

Answer 36

Deposition

Question 37

Solid to gas

Answer 37

Sublimation

Question 38

Molecule

Answer 38

Two or more atoms chemically joined together

Question 39

Solid properties

Answer 39

Fixed volume Fixed shape Cannot compress

Question 40

Liquid Properties

Answer 40

Fixed volume Takes the shape of the container Cannot compress Can flow

Question 41

Gas properties

Answer 41

Fills a container if sealed Can be compressed Can flow

Question 42

If water is drinkable it is…

Answer 42

Potable

Question 43

Solid particle arrangement and movement

Answer 43

Closely packed Uniform pattern Vibrate on the spot

Question 44

Liquid particle arrangement and movement

Answer 44

Random pattern Closely packed Random movements

Question 45

Gas particle arrangement and movement

Answer 45

Randomly arranged Little contact between particles Fast moving in random directions

Question 46

Relative mass of a proton

Answer 46

1

Question 47

Relative mass of a neutron

Answer 47

1

Question 48

Relative mass of an electron

Answer 48

. 1 ——- 1836

Question 49

Relative charge of a proton

Answer 49

+1

Question 50

Relative charge of a neutron

Answer 50

0

Question 51

Relative charge of an electron

Answer 51

-1

Question 52

Overall charge of the nucleus

Answer 52

+1

Question 53

Sodium atom electronic configuration

Answer 53

2,8,1

Question 54

How to make the Rf value more accurate in paper chromatography

Answer 54

Use a longer pice of paper

Question 55

What to do if there is a that liquid doesn’t dissolve when doing paper chromatography?

Answer 55

Use a different solvent