Physics Flashcards
The 7 fundamental quantities and their SI units
Length (meter), mass (kg), time (sec), electric current (ampere), temperature (K), amount of substance (mole), luminous intensity (candela)
Quantities in science that do not depend on other quantities
Fundamental quantities
Quantity having a magnitude only (ie. Distance, time, temperature)
Scalar quantity
Quantity having both magnitude and direction (ie. Displacement, velocity, acceleration)
Vector quantity
How to add vectors
Tail to tip method / Pythagorean theorem
How to subtract vectors
Change direction of vector that is subtracted then perform addition
How to multiply a vector by a scalar
Take that multiple of the vector; a negative scalar means reversing the direction of the resulting vector
How to multiply a vector to obtain the dot product (formula), which is a ____ quantity
a⋅b = |a| |b| cosθ; scalar
How to multiply a vector to cross the dot product (formula), which is a ____ quantity
a x b = |a| |b| sinθ; vector (direction obtained via right hand rule)
Kinematic Equation 1 (velocity & time)
v = v0 + at
Kinematic Equation 2 (position & time)
x = xo + vot + 1/2 at^2
Kinematic Equation 3 (position & velocity)
v^2 = vo^2 + 2a(x-xo)
Motion of a falling body under the influence of the earth’s gravity
Free Fall
Motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to only the acceleration of gravity
Projectile motion
In projectile motion, the horizontal motion exhibits constant _____ and the vertical motion exhibits constant _______.
Velocity, acceleration
Motion of an object following a circular path while moving at a constant speed
Uniform circular motion
In UCM, acceleration and velocity have _____ magnitude and _____ direction.
Constant, changing
Centripetal acceleration is pointed radially towards the ______ whereas instantaneous velocity points ________.
Center, tangentially
Formula for centripetal force
Fc = mv^2 / r
Trig function used when force is parallel to the ramp
Sin
Trig function used when force is perpendicular to the ramp
Cos
Tendency of things to resist change in motion
Inertia
Measure of the inertia of an object; its amount of material
Mass
Force experienced by a given mass due to gravitational attraction to the Earth
Weight
Law of acceleration
F = ma
While action and reaction forces are equal and oppositely directed, they don’t cancel each other when they are acting on (different/same) object/s.
Different
Attractive force between two objects as a result of their masses
Gravity
The law of UG that states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to _______ and inversely proportional to the _______.
Product of their masses, square of the distance between their centers
Formula for Newton’s law of universal gravitation
F = G (m1m2/r^2), where G - gravitational constant, m - mass, r - distance
