Physical Training

Question 1

Coronary Artery Disease

Answer 1

Blockage of arteries supplying cardiac tissue

Question 2

Ischemia

Answer 2

Insufficient blood to tissue due to partial blockage of artery
Most common during physical activity or times of stress
Results in angina pectoris (severe chest pain)

Question 3

Myocardial infarction

Answer 3

heart attack): severe or complete blockage, leading to cell death in heart

Question 4

Atherosclerosis

Answer 4

progressive narrowing of artery due to plaque

Question 5

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 5

thickening & loss of elasticity of arterial wall

Question 6

Types of stroke

Answer 6

Ischemic

Hemorrhagic

Question 7

Ischemic stroke:

Answer 7

blockage of vessel

Question 8

Hemorrhagic stroke

Answer 8

rupture of vessel

Question 9

What causes acute heart failure?

Answer 9

heart attack resulting from:
Toxic substance or drug
Coronary artery blockage

Question 10

What causes chronic heart failure?

Answer 10

Hypertension
Multiple minor heart attacks
Viral infection

Question 11

What is hypertension?

Answer 11

Chronic high blood pressure at rest

≥140/90 mm Hg

Question 12

What does hypertension do to heart muscle?

Answer 12

Heart must work harder to pump

Question 13

Physiological effects of hypertension?

Answer 13

Increased oxygen demand of cardiac tissue
Increased strain on arteries & arterioles
Increases risk of heart failure, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, kidney failure

Question 14

Prehypertension

Answer 14

Systolic: 120-139
Dystolic: 80-89

Question 15

Stage 1 hypertension

Answer 15

Systolic: 140-159

Dystolic90-99

Question 16

Stage 2 hypertension

Answer 16

Systolic: greater than 160
Dystolic:greater than 100

Question 17

CAD: Risk Factors

Answer 17

Age
Being of male sex
Heredity

Question 18

CAD: Controllable factors

Answer 18

Smoking tobacco
Blood lipid profile
Hypertension
Obesity & overweight
Diabetes mellitus
Physical inactivity
Psychological stress
Alcohol consumption
Diet & nutrition

Question 19

What does ST segment depression indicate?

Answer 19

CAD

Question 20

Minimal threshold for intensity of exercise:

Answer 20

55% to 65% of maximal heart rate

Question 21

Upper end of range for health and fitness gains (HR)

Answer 21

94% of HRmax

Question 22

Range for near-optimal gains (HR):

Answer 22

77% to 90% HRmax

Question 23

Resting O2 consumption

Answer 23

3.5 mL·kg·min-1

Question 24

P-wave represents:

Answer 24

atrial contraction

Question 25

T-wave represents:

Answer 25

ventricular relaxation

Question 26

QRS represents:

Answer 26

ventricular contraction