Physical Landscape Overview Flashcards
How are igneous rocks formed and give examples of rocks formed
By magma cooling in the surface of the earth e.g. granite and obsidian
How are sedimentary rocks formed and give examples?
Formed by the compacting of various sediment from other weathered rocks in layers at the bottom of lakes/oceans e.g. limestone and sandstone
How are metamorphic rocks formed and give examples?
Formed by the changing of rocks with high temperatures deep within the Earth like marble and slate.
What rock is the uk mainly made of?
Sedimentary
Where do igneous and metamorphic rocks generally appear in the UK?
Upper land area of northern Scotland
What percentage of the UK is considered sedimentary rock?
76%
What is a batholith?
A big dome shaped intrusive volcanic activity that takes place below the surface but gets exposed through weathering.
What are the steps to a batholith formation?
- Large mass of magma intrudes into the ground which cools and solidifies
- Large crystals form in the rock like granite
- This dome shaped rock gets exposed over time through weathering.
How are U shaped valleys formed?
A glacier goes down a V shaped valley and plucks rocks which rub against the valley bed deepening and widening it so it becomes a U shaped valley.
Where are ribbon lakes found?
U shaped valleys
What are ribbon lakes?
Long, thin lakes that collect rain and melt water from melted glaciers.
