Coastal Defences Flashcards
What is hard engineering?
Were man made structures are used to manage the coastline
What is soft engineering?
Working with natural resources to sustainably protect the coastline
Name all the types of coastal defences
Sea wall, groynes, rock armour, beach nourishment, dune regeneration and marsh creation
Is a sea wall hard or soft engineering?
Hard
Is groynes hard or soft engineering?
Hard
Is rock armour hard or soft engineering?
Hard
Is beach nourishment hard or soft engineering?
Soft
Is dune regeneration hard or soft engineering?
Soft
Is marsh creation hard or soft engineering?
Soft
What is a sea wall?
Concrete rock barrier to reflect waves back into the sea
What are groynes?
Timber or rock structures that trap sediment moved by longshore drift
What is rock armour
Piles of boulders dumped at the foot of the cliff to absorb wave energy
What is beach nourishment?
Adding sand from local areas to a beach to make it larger
What is dune regeneration?
Where marram grass is planted to stabilise dunes and help them develop as they are good buffers to the sea
Give the advantages and disadvantages of sea walls
Adv. effective and have a walkway
Dis adv. cost up to £10 million per km and can block sea views
Give the advantages and disadvantages of groynes
Adv. make the beach bigger-attracts tourists and cost £5000 per meter and are not too expensive
Dis adv. prevent sediment reaching other beaches causing more erosion elsewhere
Give the advantages and disadvantages of rock armour
Adv. easy to maintain, can provide use for fishing and costs £1000-£4000 per meter making it quite cheap
Dis adv. can be expensive to transport and can block views
Give the advantages and disadvantages of beach nourishment
Adv. quite cheap costing £3000 per meter and makes a bigger beach attracting tourists
Dis adv. needs constant maintenance
Give the advantages and disadvantages of dune regeneration
Adv. keeps the natural environment
Dis adv. can be damaged by storms, grass takes time to be planted and can cost anywhere between £2000-£100 million
Give the advantages and disadvantages of marsh creation
Adv. a bit cheap as arable land costs around £5000-£10000 and creates habitat for wildlife
Dis adv. land is lost and homeowners need to be payed for this