Physical Development Program Review

Question 1

At Birth, the brain is only 25% of its adult weight; but, following birth,it grows quickly and by age 2, it has reached____ of its adult weight. This growth is due less to the addition of new neurons than to an increase in their size and interconnections and the formation of_____cells. While the lower centers of the brain are sufficiently developed at birth to control the life-maintaining reflexes, the____is almost completely undeveloped.

Answer 1

80%;glial; cerebral cortex

Question 2

Reflexes present in the newborn include the ____reflex, which occurs when the soles of the feet aretickled, and the _____reflex, which occurs in response to a loud noise or sudden loss of physical support. By about__of age, an infant’s visual acuity is probably close to that of normal adults. Withregard to visual stimuli, newborns prefer to look at___patterns. In terms of hearing,newborns areonly slightly less sensitive to sound intensity than adults, and auditory____is evident following birth but seems to disappear between two and four months and then improves during the rest off the first year. There is evidence that full-term infants who undergo painful medical procedures during infancy later exhibit____responsivity to pain.

Answer 2

Babinski;Moro; 6 mos; high-contrast; localization; heightened;

Question 3

At about__months of age, most children are able to pull themselves to standing while holding onto furniture; by___months, they take their first steps alone. At around____months of age, about 50% of children use thetoilet during the day, and by____,most children exhibit a stable preference for the right or left hand.

Answer 3

9-10months;12 months;24months; 4years old

Question 4

Research on early training indicates that it is most likely to have long-term benefits for __motor skills. Gender differences in motor development become apparent in middle childhood when girls become superior in terms of ___, while boys become superior in terms of strength and gross motor skills. For adolescent boys (but not girls), __physical maturation is association with a number ofbenefits includingbetter adjustment andgreater popularity with peers. Increasing age is assiciated with a number of changes in sensory and psychomotor functioning. Common changes in vision include ___(an inability to focus on close objects), loss ofvisual acuity, reduced depth and color perception, and increased __sensitivity. One ofthe most consistent findings is that normal aging isaccompanied by behavioral____.

Answer 4

complex; flexibility, agility, and balance; early;presbyopia;light; slowing;

Question 5

One of the best predictors of a child’s successful adjustment to a chronic illness is____(especially the level of functional impairment). There is also evidence that children with cancer and other life-threatening illnesses have better psychological outcomes when they are given accurate and_____appropriate information about their illness. Survey results for 2007 indicate that, among youth 12 to 17 years of age, 9.5% reported using____in the past month, while 15.9% reported using____. Surveys of older adults indicate that men and women both report_____as the primary reason for a lack of sexual activity.

Answer 5

illness severity; developmentally; an illicit drug;alcohol; physical health problems in men