Language Development Program Review

Question 1

Nativist approach attributes langauge acquisition to___mechanisms. For erxample, Chomsky proposes the existence of an innate____thatmakes it possible for a person to acquire language after being exposed to it. In contrast, the__approach views language development as being due to a combination of biological and environmental factors.___bootstrapping refers to a child’suse of his/her knowledge of the meaning of words to infer their grammatical structure. Linguists distinguish between two types of speech sounds:_____ are the smallest units of sound understood in a language, while_____are the smallest units of sound that convey meaning.

Answer 1

biological; language aquisition device (LAD);interactionist; Semantic; Phonemes; Morphemes

Question 2

Infants initially produce three distinct patterns of crying: a hunger cry, an angry cry, and a __cry. By four months of age, infants begin babbling, which involves the repetition of single_____sounds.At about___months of age, children narrow these sounds to those of their native language. From one to two years of age, children use one word to express whole phrases or sentences. This___speech is followed by telegraphic speech, which involves stringing two or more words together to make a _. Children usually exhibit a number of errors during the course of language development. For example,___occurs when a child applies a word to a wider collection of objects or events than is appropriate.

Answer 2

pain; consonant-vowel; 9 to 14 months; holophrastic; sentence; overextension;

Question 3

Research has identified several consistent gender differences in language use: In conversations, males talk for longer intervals and are more likely to___, while females are more liklely to ____. There is evidence that learning a second-language is best when it begins in____.Overall studies on bilingual education suggest that language-minority children who participate in high-quality programs do___those who participate in English-only programs in terms of English skills and knowledge of subject matter.

Answer 3

interrupt;ask questions and add tag questions to statements; childhood; as well as or better than