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Sport, Exercise & Health Psychology > Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour & Determinants > Flashcards

Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour & Determinants Flashcards

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1
Q

physical activity vs exercise

A
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2
Q

ways of measuring physical activity & exercise

A

objective assessment
- accelerometer / pedometer
- gives indication of intensity not types of activity

subjective assessment
- questionnaire
- gives info about types of activities
- relies on recall

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3
Q

Physical activity subjective assessments

A
  • physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE)
  • international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ)
  • general practice physical activity questionnaire (GPPAQ)
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4
Q

definition of sport

A

an activity involving physical exertion & skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment

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5
Q

health-related fitness vs skill-related fitness

A
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6
Q

sedentary behaviour

A
  • sitting or lying down
  • behaviour different from physical activity
  • independent of physical activity
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7
Q

health links to sedentary behaviour

A
  • cardiovascular disease mortality
  • cancer risk
  • metabolic disorders
  • diabetes mellitus
  • hypertension
  • musculoskeletal disorders (osteoporosis)
  • mental health disorders (depression)
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8
Q

measuring sedentary behaviour

A
  • total amount of time sitting
  • bouts of sitting time & breaking up sitting time
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9
Q

ACUSIT study protocol

A

observed effects of sedentary behaviour in elderly people

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10
Q

effect of sedentary behaviour on cardiovascular function

A
  • acute effect on systolic, diastolic & mean arterial pressure
  • negatively effects CV function
  • worse effect the higher prolonged sitting time is
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11
Q

Profile Of Mood Subscales (POMS)

A

assessment for mood

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12
Q

effect of sedentary behaviour on mood

A
  • significant increase in fatigue
  • significant decrease in vigour (enthusiasm)
  • tendency to be less friendly the more prolonged the time
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13
Q

how much physical activity do we need to achieve health benefits?

A
  • at least 150 minutes moderate intensity a week (swim, brisk walk, cycle)
  • at least 75 minutes vigorous intensity a week (run, stairs, sport)
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14
Q

Panza et al (2019) study

A
  • linking physical activity intensity, psychological health & wellbeing
  • positive mental health & wellbeing benefits
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15
Q

Chekroud et al (2018)

A
  • previous depression diagnosis pre & post exercise
  • mental health benefits from exercise
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16
Q

Hamer et al (2017)

A
  • psychological distress caused by inactivity vs adults who regularly exercise on weekends
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17
Q

Fleming & Herring (2018)

A

Pilates had benefits for mental health (anxiety, depression & fatigue)

18
Q

Xiang et al (2017)

A

Tai Chi could be beneficial for treating fatigue

19
Q

effects of exercise on children, adults & older adults

A
20
Q

determinants of physical exercise

A
  • gender
  • age
  • ethnicity
  • disabilities
  • time
  • energy
  • motivation
  • skill
  • cost
  • facilities
  • illness/injury
  • transport
21
Q

World Health Organisation - physical activity global action plan

A
22
Q

effect of covid on physical activity

A
  • increase in walking for leisure
  • increase in cycling
  • increase in running/athletics
  • sport participation decrease (social isolation)
23
Q

ecological model

A
  • integration of different behavioural theories & models
  • inter-relationships between individuals & their environment (social & physical environment)
24
Q

Bauman et al (2012) Ecological model

A
25
Q

correlates & determinants

A
  • statistical association = no causality
  • longitudinal research = causal associations
26
Q

Canadian Fitness & Lifestyle Research Institute findings

A

greatest barriers for leading an active lifestyle:
- lack of skill
- lack of energy
- lack of motivation
- long-term illness or injury

27
Q

2 main determinants for physical activity

A

individual & environment factors

28
Q

psychological determinants are…

A

…modifiable

29
Q

Transtheoretical model

A
30
Q

adoption (action) & adherence (maintenance) = self-efficacy

A
  • reflecting confidence in the ability to exert control over one’s own motivation, behaviour & social environment
  • using self-efficacy as a source of self motivation & self belief
31
Q

Zamarripa et al (2018) = autonomous motivation

A
  • analysed variations in behavioural regulations using the stages of change model
32
Q

strategies for enhancing exercise adoption & adherence

A
  • behavioural modification
  • cognitive-behavioural
    -decision making
  • social support
  • reinforcement
  • intrinsic
33
Q

behaviour modification approaches

A

behavioural contract (specifies expectations & responsibilities)
- goals
- dates
- consequences

prompts (cue that initiates a behaviour)
- verbal
- physical
- symbolic

34
Q

Kerr et al (2001) = preventive medicine

A
35
Q

Martin et el. (1984)

A

cognitive behavioural approaches
- exercise class participants
- participants set their own flexible goals
- attendance = 83% & 47% still exercising 3-months after programme

36
Q

Decision making approaches = cost vs benefits

A
37
Q

Social support approaches

A
  • family / friends = can influence physical activity engagement in many ways
  • verbal reminders
  • practical assistance (transport, equipment)
38
Q

reinforcement approaches

A
  • feedback
  • rewards
39
Q

intrinsic approaches

A

intrinsic motivation = due to inherent interes, fun, enjoyment from the activity
- focus on the experience itself
- focus on the process

40
Q

Michie et al (2013) = Behaviour change

A

behaviour modification strategies = behaviour change techniques = behaviour change taxonomy

Sport, Exercise & Health Psychology (11 decks)

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