Photosynthesis 2.8 U2 Flashcards

1
Q

Why is photosynthesis important?

A

Not only does it capture energy from outer space (the Sun) and convert it into compounds that all life on Earth can use…… but it also produces oxygen, for aerobic organisms to breathe/use!

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2
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

Uses energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide (low energy reactants) into sugar and oxygen (high-energy products)These sugars can then be used to produce complex carbohydrates (like starch) or provide energy for their cells to do work(sunlight) + 6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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3
Q

What organisms conduct photosynthesis?

A

Plants, algae, and cyanobacteria

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4
Q

What is the chloroplast?

A

Where photosynthesis takes placeFound in plants and other organisms (not animals)Contain chlorophyll

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5
Q

What is stroma?

A

Fluid inside of chloroplast(kinda like cytoplasm)

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6
Q

What is granum?

A

Stack of thylakoids

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7
Q

What are thlakoids?

A

Where light-dependent reaction happens

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8
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

A pigment that absorbs certain wavelengths and reflects others

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9
Q

What are the types of chlorophyll found in plants? What light do they reflect/absorb?

A

Two types found in plants, chlorophyll a and bThese REFLECT green light, which is why plants look green!Thus, they ABSORB light that isn’t green, especially blue/violet and red light

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10
Q

What are the phases of photosythesis?

A

Light-dependent reactions and Calvin Cycle

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11
Q

Where does the light-dependent reaction occur?

A

In thylakoid

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12
Q

What is the light dependent reaction?

A

Sunlight absorbed, energy produced converts NADP+ and ADP into NADPH and ATPWater is required (source of electrons and hydrogen atoms)Oxygen is released

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13
Q

What is a photosystem?

A

clusters of chlorophyll (light absorbing pigments ) and proteins in the thylakoid

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14
Q

What is photosystem II

A

Absorbs light, excites electrons, those electrons get passed to an electron transport chain

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15
Q

What is photosystem I

A

After electrons pass through ETC, this photosystem uses light energy to reenergize the electrons, which are picked up by NADP+ and H+

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16
Q

What are the Reactants of the light-dependent reaction?

A

Light + H2O + NADP + ADP

17
Q

What are the Products of the light-dependent reactions?

A

O2 + NADPH + ATP

18
Q

What is the light independent reaction?

A

In stromaATP and NADPH from light dependent reaction are used to produce glucose from CO2Carbon dioxide required, absorbed from atmosphere

19
Q

Where does the light independent reaction occur?

A

In stroma

20
Q

What are the reactants of the light independent reaction?

A

CO2 + NADPH + ATP

21
Q

What are the reactions of the light independent reaction?

A

Glucose + NADP+ + ADP

22
Q

What is carbon fixation?

A

CO2 molecule enters the cycle and combines with other carbon compounds

23
Q

What is regeneration in the calvin cycle?

A

Some G3P molecules stay to be recycled, so the cycle can continue!

24
Q

What is reduction in the calvin cycle?

A

ATP and NADPH are used to make G3P, which goes off to make glucose

25
Q

What are the three stages of the light independent reaction?

A

Carbon Fixation, Regeneration and Reduction