Cellular Transport 2.3 U2

Question 1

What is a missle cell?

Answer 1

Single layer of phospholipids

Question 2

What is a concentration gradient?

Answer 2

Substances will naturally move from HIGH to LOW concentration.Eventually, an equilibrium would be reached (no gradient remaining).

Question 3

What is Passive Transport?

Answer 3

No energy required!High to low (concentration)Easy peasy :)

Question 4

What is Active Transport?

Answer 4

Energy is required!Low to high (concentration)Not easy peasy :(

Question 5

What are the types of Passive Transport?

Answer 5

Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis

Question 6

What is Diffusion?

Answer 6

Particles move from high to low until reaches equilibrium

Question 7

What is Facilitated Diffusion?

Answer 7

When molecules can’t go directly across a membrane, so they pass through special protein channels

Question 8

What is Osmosis?

Answer 8

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane Through the membrane directly and in larger quantities through aquaporins Water will move across a membrane until the concentration of solute is the same on both sides!Solute vs. SolventSugar can’t move across the membrane by itself, it’s too large

Question 9

What is Dynamic Equilibrium?

Answer 9

The substances will continue to move, but there is no net change in concentration on either side! Movement doesn’t stop entirely!

Question 10

What are the different types of solutions?

Answer 10

Hypotonic Solution, Hypertonic Solution, Isotonic Solution

Question 11

What is a Hypotonic Solution?

Answer 11

Water diffuses INTO cellCell expands

Question 12

What is a Hypertonic Solution?

Answer 12

Water diffuses OUT OF cellCell shrinks

Question 13

What is a Isotonic Solution?

Answer 13

Water moves in and out equallyCell stays the same

Question 14

What is Lysed?

Answer 14

Bursts

Question 15

What is Turgid?

Answer 15

Bloated

Question 16

What is Flaccid?

Answer 16

Droopy

Question 17

What is the optimal solution for an animal cell?

Answer 17

Isotonic Solution

Question 18

What is the optimal solution for a plant cell?

Answer 18

Hypotonic Solution

Question 19

What are the types of active transport?

Answer 19

Selective and Bulk Transport

Question 20

What is Selective Transport?

Answer 20

Small molecules, ionsProteins in membrane are used

Question 21

What is Bulk Transport?

Answer 21

Large molecules, clumps of materialsMovements of the cell membrane itself

Question 22

What are the types of bulk transport?

Answer 22

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Question 23

What is Endocytosis?

Answer 23

“endo” = withinMaterial is taken into cell by infolding of the cell membranePhagocytosis and Pinocytosis

Question 24

What is Phagocytosis?

Answer 24

taking up particles and packing within food vacuole“cell eating”

Question 25

What is Pinocytosis?

Answer 25

= taking up liquid from surrounding environment“cell drinking”

Question 26

What is Exocytosis?

Answer 26

“exo” = out ofMaterial is released from the cell by vesicle fusing with membraneSignaling molecules, waste, toxins, etc.

Question 27

What is the Primary Active Transport?

Answer 27

Uses ATP as the energy source. A very common example is the sodium-potassium pump!

Question 28

What is the Secondary Active Transport?

Answer 28

Uses the energy stored in electrochemical gradients Ions have charges, and when there’s an imbalance in charges on either side of the membrane, there is a membrane potentialThe combination of concentration and membrane potential = electrochemical gradient!BOTH will affect which way things move across the membraneSo, a primary active transport protein can set up this electrochemical gradient, which the secondary active transport protein can then use!

Question 29

What is Uniport?

Answer 29

Passive transport or primary active transport1 direction of travel, 1 thing traveling

Question 30

What is Symport?

Answer 30

1 direction of travel, 2 things traveling

Question 31

What is Antiport?

Answer 31

2 directions of travel, 2 things traveling

Question 32

What do Symport and Antiport have in common?

Answer 32

Cotransport