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Biology 102 - Intro and Fundamental Cell Biology > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

What carries out photosynthesis?

A
  • Plants
  • Algae
  • Prokaryotes
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2
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Process where sunlight is converted into chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates

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3
Q

2 stages of photosynthesis

A
  1. Light Reactions
  2. Calvin Cycle
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4
Q

Photosynthesis general formula

A

Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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5
Q

What kind of process is photosynthesis?

A

Endergonic and requires energy that comes from sunlight

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6
Q

Photon

A

A discrete quantity of light with a specific quantity of energy

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7
Q

Electromagnetic Spectrum

A

Entire range of electromagnetic energy

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8
Q

Pigments

A

Substances that absorb visible light of specific wavelengths

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9
Q

Absorption Spectrum

A

Graph showing the ability of a pigment to absorb different wavelengths of light

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10
Q

Where are pigments found?

A

In thylakoid membranes

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11
Q

Chlorophyll a

A

Primary light-capturing pigment

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12
Q

Chlorophyll b

A

Accessory pigment that works in conjunction with chlorophyll a

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13
Q

Carotenoids

A

Accessory pigments that broaden the spectrum of light that can drive photosynthesis

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14
Q

Where do the light reactions occur?

A

Thylakoid membranes

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15
Q

Light Reactions

A
  • Supply energy needed to drive the Calvin Cycle
  • Transfer electrons and protons from water to NADP+ forming NADPH
  • Produces ATP through an electron transport chain and chemiosmosis
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16
Q

Photophosphorylation

A

The eventual production of ATP using light energy

17
Q

Photosystems

A
  • Captures solar energy
  • Contains photosynthetic pigments
  • 2 types of photosystems (II and I)
18
Q

How is solar energy captured?

A

By exciting electrons to a higher orbital

19
Q

Linear Electron Flow

A

Makes ATP and NADPH that can be used in the Calvin cycle

20
Q

Light Reaction Equation

A

1H2O + 1.5ADP + 1.5phosphate + 1NADP+ + light -> 0.5O2 +1.5ATP + 1NADPH + H+

21
Q

Calvin Cycle

A
  • Chemical energy from the light reactions are now used to produce the sugar G3P
  • Uses ATP and NADPH to generate sugar
22
Q

G3P

A

After three turns of the Calvin cycle one G3P molecule is made

23
Q

Carbon Fixation

A
  • CO2 enters from the atomosphere
  • Process where CO2 bonds with the first compound in the Calvin cycle
  • mediated by enzyme rubisco
24
Q

Calvin Cycle Equation

A

3CO2 + 6NADPH + 9ATP + 5H2O -> 1G3P + 6NADP+ + 9ADP + 8phosphate + 2H+

Biology 102 - Intro and Fundamental Cell Biology (10 decks)

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