photosyhthesis

Question 1

where does photosynthesis happen?

leaves

Answer 1

where does photosynthesis happen?

leaves

Question 2

______: on the surface of levaes in most plants, and they let carbon dioxide diffuse into the mesophyll layer and oxygen diffuse out

Answer 2

stomata: on the surface of levaes in most plants, and they let carbon dioxide diffuse into the mesophyll layer and oxygen diffuse out

Question 3

pyruvate oxidation
pyruvate to acetyl-Coenzyme A before citric acid cycle
mitochondria don’t need to worry about this but links glycolysis to citric acid cycle

Answer 3

pyruvate oxidation
pyruvate to acetyl-Coenzyme A before citric acid cycle
mitochondria don’t need to worry about this but links glycolysis to citric acid cycle

Question 4

citric acid cycle
twice(each molecule of pyruvate)
mitochondria
only if O2 is present

net in:
pyruvate
FADH
NAD+
Net out:
CO2
FADH2
NADH
2ATP

Answer 4

citric acid cycle
twice(each molecule of pyruvate)
mitochondria
only if O2 is present

net in:
pyruvate
FADH
NAD+
Net out:
CO2
FADH2
NADH
2ATP

Question 5

how enzymes lower activation energy:
orient substrates correctly
strain substrate bonds
provide the favorable microenvironment
covalently bond to the substrate

Answer 5

how enzymes lower activation energy:
orient substrates correctly
strain substrate bonds
provide the favorable microenvironment
covalently bond to the substrate

Question 6

maximum per glucose:

___ or ____ ATP

Answer 6

maximum per glucose:

30 or 32 ATP

Question 7

anaerobic repiration-different ETC chain

fermentation-glycolysis then process that produces byproduct (alcohol, lactic acid)

Answer 7

anaerobic repiration-different ETC chain

fermentation-glycolysis then process that produces byproduct (alcohol, lactic acid)

Question 8

\_\_\_\_\_\_ occurs in the cytoplasm and converts glucose into pyruvate and H2O and NAD+ to NADH. 2 ATP are produced.
NET IN
glucose
NAD+
NET OUT
pyruvate
NADH
2 ATP

Answer 8

Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and converts glucose into pyruvate and H2O and NAD+ to NADH. 2 ATP are produced.

Question 9

The______ occurs in the mitochondria and converts oxidized pyruvate to CO2, NAD+ to NADH, and FADH to FADH2. 2 ATP are produced.

Answer 9

The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondria and converts oxidized pyruvate to CO2, NAD+ to NADH, and FADH to FADH2. 2 ATP are produced.

Question 10

___________ consists of two parts, the _______ and ________, which occur in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. NADH and FADH2 are oxidized back to NAD+ and FAD. 26-28 ATP are produced.

net in:
O2
FADH2
NADH

net out:
H2O
FADH
NAD+
26-28 ATP

Answer 10

Oxidative phosphrylation consists of two parts, the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis, which occur in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. NADH and FADH2 are oxidized back to NAD+ and FAD. 26-28 ATP are produced.

Question 11

____________ has high electronegativity so it pulls the electrons down a chain of proteins in the cell membrane, in the process causing hydrogen ions to be pumped across the membrane

Answer 11

oxygen has high electronegativity so it pulls the electrons down a chain of proteins in the cell membrane, in the process causing hydrogen ions to be pumped across the membrane

Question 12

A protein (ATP synthase) used the hydrogen ion gradient to produce ATP as ions flow across the ____________.

Answer 12

A protein (ATP synthase) used the hydrogen ion gradient to produce ATP as ions flow across the protein

Question 13

_______ are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.

Answer 13

enzyme are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.

Question 14

Enzymes bind to specific substrates at their ____________to convert substrates into products

Answer 14

Enzymes bind to specific substrates at their active site to convert substrates into products

Question 15

difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis:
similarities:
form of metabolism

difference:
respiration is breakdown molecules to capture energy, photosynthesis is capture energy to build molecules
respiration occurs inside the cell called mitochondria
photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts
respiration occurs in humans,animals,plants, and microorganism
photosynthesis only occur in plants
all uses electron transport chain to make ATP

Answer 15

difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis:
similarities:
form of metabolism

difference:
respiration is breakdown molecules to capture energy, photosynthesis is capture energy to build molecules
respiration occurs inside the cell called mitochondria
photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts
respiration occurs in humans,animals,plants, and microorganism
photosynthesis only occur in plants
all uses electron transport chain to make ATP

Question 16

Describe the importance of light, water, and carbon dioxide to photosynthesis
water:
Water splits into oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons to replace the lost electrons of photosynthesis
carbon dioxide:
sources for plant to fix carbon and produce three-carbon sugars—glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, or G3P, molecules—which join up to form glucose. The carbon that’s fixed and incorporated into sugars during photosynthesis can be used to build other types of organic molecules needed by cells.

Answer 16

Describe the importance of light, water, and carbon dioxide to photosynthesis
water:
Water splits into oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons to replace the lost electrons of photosynthesis
carbon dioxide:
sources for plant to fix carbon and produce three-carbon sugars—glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, or G3P, molecules—which join up to form glucose. The carbon that’s fixed and incorporated into sugars during photosynthesis can be used to build other types of organic molecules needed by cells.

Question 17

Explain why leaves are green and how and why some change color in the fall

Answer 17

Explain why leaves are green and how and why some change color in the fall