Photorespiration, C4, CAM (Q2) Flashcards
When do the plant’s stomata close or shrink?
During hot or dry days
When the stomata closes, there is a decline in ______ and increase in ______.
CO2, O2
High temperature means there is more ______ than ______.
O2, CO2
Low temperature means there is more ______ than ______.
CO2, O2
Product of RuBP and O2 that is toxic to plants and inhibits distinct reactions in the Calvin cycle
2-phosphoglycolate
Process that uses ATP but does not generate it; does not produce sugar and loses CO2 instead of fixing it
Photorespiration
Three benefits of photorespiration
- Photoprotective effects
- Maintaining redox balance in cells
- Support plant immune defenses
Why is it called C4 Photosynthesis?
Because the first stable molecule formed is a 4-carbon organic acid called malate
Where can C4 plants be found?
Hot habitats
Two kinds of leaf cells involved in C4 Photosynthesis
- Mesophyll cell
- Bundle sheath cell
Special structure in the leaves of C4 plants where the tissue equivalent to spongy mesophyll cells is clustered in a ring around the leaf veins outside the bundle sheath cells
Kranz anatomy
What enzyme is responsible for adding CO2 to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to form a 4-carbon compound?
PEP carboxylase
What is the four-carbon compound produced in C4 photosynthesis?
Oxaloacetate
The four-carbon compound produced in C4 is reduced with the help of NADH and enzyme malate dehydrogenase. What is produced in this process?
Malate
In C4 photosynthesis, how does the four-carbon compound produced move from the mesophyll cell to the bundle sheath cell?
Via the plasmodesmata
