Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

G12 Biology > Meiosis (Q1) > Flashcards

Meiosis (Q1) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How much of the chromosomes of the parent cell does meiosis produce?

A

Half of the chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Meiosis occurs in ________. (somatic cells or gametes)

A

Mitosis occurs in gametes/sex cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Meiosis is produced from a ________ (haploid or diploid) parent cell to produce ________ (haploid or diploid) cells.

A

Meiosis is produced from a diploid parent cell to produce haploid cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Meiosis produces ________ (two or four) ________ (unique or identical) daughter cells.

A

Meiosis produces four unique daughter cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When do gametes fuse to form a diploid offspring?

A

During fertilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What differentiates homologous chromosomes from non-homologous chromosomes?

A

Homologous chromosomes have different alleles but they must have the same genes, chromosomal arm length, and centromere position.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In the human body, the 22 autosomes are ________ while the X and Y chromosomes are ________.

A

Homologous, non-homologous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What differentiates sister chromatids from non-sister chromatids?

A

Sister chromatids should have the same gene, allele, and centrosome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or False: Homologous chromosomes are non-sister chromatids.

A

True, sister chromatids share the same gene and allele. Homologous chromosomes only share the same gene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two divisions of meiosis?

A

Meiosis I and Meiosis II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens in Meiosis I?

A

Division results in reducing the number of chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens in Meiosis II?

A

Similar to mitotic division but the number of chromosomes is reduced to half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stages of Meiosis I

A
  1. Prophase I
  2. Metaphase I
  3. Anaphase I
  4. Telophase I and Cytokinesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Disappearance of nuclei

A

Prophase I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nuclear membrane breaks down

A

Prophase I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Formation of spindle fiber and movement of centrosomes

A

Prophase I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the stages of Prophase I?

A
  1. Leptotene
  2. Zygotene
  3. Pachytene
  4. Diplotene
  5. Diakinesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chromosomes start to condense. What stage of Prophase I is this?

A

Leptotene

19
Q

Synaptonemal complex forms. What stage of Prophase I is this?

A

Zygotene

20
Q

DNA exchanged by non-sister chromatids. What stage of Prophase I is this?

A

Pachytene

21
Q

Synapsis ends and chiasma is visible. What stage of Prophase I is this?

A

Diplotene

22
Q

Nuclear membrane disintegrates and prophase ends. What stage of Prophase I is this?

A

Diakinesis

23
Q

What is the difference between synapsis and crossing over?

A

Synapsis is the alignment and pairing of homologous chromosomes with their counterpart. Crossing over is the sharing of genetic material between non-sister chromatids in a homologous pair.

24
Q

Point of contact or region of crossing over between a homologous pair

A

Chiasma (sing.) or chiasmata (plural)

25
Q

Protein structure formed during Prophase I that connects paired homologous chromosomes

A

Synaptonemal complex

26
Q

Homologous chromosomes align at the metaphase plate and follow independent assortment

A

Metaphase I

27
Q

What is independent assortment?

A

Because of the random orientation of homologous chromosomes, different alleles are indepedently inherited.

28
Q

Recombination occurs

A

Metaphase I

29
Q

Both chromatids of one homolog are attached to kinetochore microtubules.

A

Metaphase I

30
Q

Breakdown of cohesin allows homologous pair to separate

A

Anaphase I

31
Q

Synaptonemal complex breaks down

A

Anaphase I

32
Q

Sister chromatid cohesion persists at centromere

A

Anaphase I

33
Q

Homologs move toward opposite poles

A

Anaphase I

34
Q

Cells are now haploid

A

Telophase I/Cytokinesis

35
Q

Each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids with regions of non sister chromatids

A

Telophase I/Cytokinesis

36
Q

Spindle apparatus forms

A

Prophase II

37
Q

Chromosomes composed of two sister chromatids are moved towards metaphase plate

A

Late Prophase II

38
Q

Chromosomes position at the metaphase plate

A

Metaphase II

39
Q

Sister chromatids are not genetically identical

A

Metaphase II

40
Q

Sister chromatid separates and cohesin breaks down

A

Anaphase II

41
Q

Nuclei form and chromosome decondense

A

Telophase II/Cytokinesis

42
Q

This phase produces four genetically distinct daughter cells

A

Telophase II/Cytokinesis

43
Q

Meiosis is involved with ________ reproduction. (asexual or sexual)

A

Sexual

G12 Biology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions