Phobias - Explanation 1 - Behavioural Approach

Question 1

What os the basis of the behavioural approach to explaining phobias?

Answer 1

That all behaviour is learnt - including phobias.

Question 2

According to who, phobias are learnt through the dual - process model?

Answer 2

Mowrer - 1947.

Question 3

According to Mowrer’s dual-process model, what are the two steps in having a phobia?

Answer 3

1 - Classical Conditioning (Initiation).

2 - Operant Conditioning (Maintenance).

Question 4

What is the key word in classical conditioning (initiation)?

Answer 4

Association.

Question 5

Who is linked classical conditioning?

Answer 5

Pavlov.

Question 6

What did Pavlov notice (classical conditioning - initiation)?

Answer 6

He noticed that his lab dogs had learnt to salivate at the sound of footsteps of the men that fed them.

Question 7

What had Pavlov’s dogs learnt (classical conditioning - initiation)?

Answer 7

They had learnt to associate the sound with retrieving food, and therefore salivated at the thought of food.

Question 8

Wha did Pavlov do once he had made the observations (classical conditioning - initiation)?

Answer 8

He classically conditioned them to salivate just at the sound of a bell.