phases of Gastric secretion

Question 1

Gastric secretion occurs in 3 phases

Answer 1

Cephalic phase
Gastric phase
Intestinal phase

Question 2

This phase occurs even before the food enters the stomach

Answer 2

Cephalic phase

Question 3

The cephalic phase results from what?

Answer 3

smell
sight
thought
taste

Question 4

appetite and stimulation relation

Answer 4

greater appetite, intense stimulation

Question 5

Neurogenic signals originate in _________.

Answer 5

cerebral cortex and appetite centers of amygdala and hypothalamus

Question 6

How are neurogenic signals from the cerebral cortex and appetite centers of the amygdala and hypothalamus transmitted?

Answer 6

dorsal motor nuclei of vagi —> vagus nerve –> stomach

Question 7

The cephalic phase accounts for _____ of the gastric secretion associated with a meal

Answer 7

30%

Question 8

This phase occurs when food enters the stomach

Answer 8

Gastric phase

Question 9

When food enters the stomach, the following are excited:

Answer 9

• local nervous secretory reflex
• Vagal reflex
• Gastrin-histamine stimulation

Question 10

Gastric secretions account for ______ of gastric acid secretion

Answer 10

60%

Question 11

Occurs once the food is in the proximal small intestine

Answer 11

Intestinal phase

Question 12

continuous small amounts of stomach secretion are partly due to _________.

Answer 12

gastrin released by duodenal mucosa

Question 13

Intestinal phase accounts for _____ of the gastric acid

Answer 13

10%

Question 14

Possible causes of Inhibition of gastric secretion

Answer 14

• presence of food in the small intestine
• the presence of food end-products, osmotic fluid, irritation

Question 15

reflex initiated by the presence of food in the small intestine

Answer 15

reverse enterogastric reflex

Question 16

What is the reverse enterogastric reflex?

Answer 16

slows gastric emptying upon small intestine filling

Question 17

reverse enterogastric reflex is triggered by:

Answer 17

• distension of small bowel
• presence of acid in the upper intestine
• presence of protein breakdown products
• mucosal irritation

Question 18

the presence of food end-products, osmotic fluid, and irritation causes the release of which hormone?

Answer 18

secretin
- glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide
- vasoactive intestinal peptide
- somatostatin

Question 19

secretin is important for?

Answer 19

pancreatic secretion

Question 20

What does Secretin oppose?

Answer 20

gastric secretion

Question 21

What is interdigestive state?

Answer 21

small amounts of gastric juice are secreted even with little to no digestion occurring

Question 22

Interdigestive state secretion content

Answer 22

• mainly mucus
• no Acid
• a small amount of pepsin

Question 23

Stimuli that can increase inter-digestive secretion

Answer 23

Emotional stimuli

Question 24

Emotional stimuli increase interdigestive secretion to _______________.

Answer 24

> or = to 50 mL/hr, mostly peptic/acidic
- similar to cephalic phase

Question 25

An increase in inter-digestive secretion may contribute to ___________________ (condition) development.

Answer 25

peptic ulcer

Question 26

Terminal 5 amino acids of these are essential

Answer 26

Gastrin and CCK

Question 27

Terminal 4 amino acids are essential

Answer 27

Gastrin’s (functional) activity

Question 28

All of the amino acids here are essential

Answer 28

Secretin

Question 29

Terminal eight amino acids are essential

Answer 29

CCK activity