Pancreatic Secretion Flashcards
The large compound gland that lies parallel beneath the stomach
Pancreas
The internal structure of pancreas is similar to _____________.
Salivary glands
These are secreted by pancreatic acini
Pancreatic digestive enzyme
These are secreted by small and large ducts leading from the acini
sodium bicarbonate
Passage of combined product of enzymes and sodium bicarbonate
- long pancreatic duct
- bile duct
- ampulla of vater
papilla of Vater is surrounded by _________.
Sphincter of Odi
Pancreatic juices are secreted in abundance due to _________.
presence of chyme
How is insulin secreted in the pancreas?
Directly secreted by Islets of Langerhans into the blood
Pancreatic enzyme digests these 3 macromolecules
proteins
carbohydrates
fats
The most important pancreatic enzyme for protein digestion
trypsin
chymotrypsin
carboxypolypeptidase
The most abundant pancreatic enzyme
Trypsin
The proteolytic enzyme in pancreatic cells is inactive until _______.
Secreted in the intestine
Trypsin and chymotrypsin have similar function
Digest protein into peptides, not amino acids.
Hence, no amino acid release
Carboxypolypeptidase function
splits peptide into amino acisd
Complete digestion -> amino acids
The pancreatic enzyme for carbohydrate digestion
Amylase
Pancreatic enzymes for fat digestion
Lipase,
Cholesterol esterase,
phospholipase
These facilitate the hydrolysis of fat into fatty acids and monoglycerides
[fat –> fatty A. & monogly]
Lipase
Facilitates hydrolysis of cholesterol esters
Cholesterol esterase
Splits amino acids from phospholipids
Phospholipase
These are activated once in the intestinal tract
Proteolytic enzyme
This prevents trypsin activation inside the secretory cells, acini, and pancreatic ducts
Trypsin inhibitor
Functions of trypsin inhibitor
- irreversibly blocks active sites
- prevent activation of proteolytic enzyme of pancreas (since trypsin promotes activation of such)
Loss of trypsin inhibitor or pancreatic duct blockage (which overwhelms trypsin inhibitor) results in ______________.
pancreatitis
Two important components of pancreatic juices
Bicarbonate
water
Pancreatic juices are produced in _______.
pancreatic ductal cells
How much can bicarbonate concentration reach?
145 mEq/L [5x of plasma]
A high concentration of bicarbonate results in __________________.
neutralization of HCl.
