Pancreatic Secretion

Question 1

The large compound gland that lies parallel beneath the stomach

Answer 1

Pancreas

Question 2

The internal structure of pancreas is similar to _____________.

Answer 2

Salivary glands

Question 3

These are secreted by pancreatic acini

Answer 3

Pancreatic digestive enzyme

Question 4

These are secreted by small and large ducts leading from the acini

Answer 4

sodium bicarbonate

Question 5

Passage of combined product of enzymes and sodium bicarbonate

Answer 5

• long pancreatic duct
• bile duct
• ampulla of vater

Question 6

papilla of Vater is surrounded by _________.

Answer 6

Sphincter of Odi

Question 7

Pancreatic juices are secreted in abundance due to _________.

Answer 7

presence of chyme

Question 8

How is insulin secreted in the pancreas?

Answer 8

Directly secreted by Islets of Langerhans into the blood

Question 9

Pancreatic enzyme digests these 3 macromolecules

Answer 9

proteins
carbohydrates
fats

Question 10

The most important pancreatic enzyme for protein digestion

Answer 10

trypsin
chymotrypsin
carboxypolypeptidase

Question 11

The most abundant pancreatic enzyme

Answer 11

Trypsin

Question 12

The proteolytic enzyme in pancreatic cells is inactive until _______.

Answer 12

Secreted in the intestine

Question 13

Trypsin and chymotrypsin have similar function

Answer 13

Digest protein into peptides, not amino acids.
Hence, no amino acid release

Question 14

Carboxypolypeptidase function

Answer 14

splits peptide into amino acisd
Complete digestion -> amino acids

Question 15

The pancreatic enzyme for carbohydrate digestion

Answer 15

Amylase

Question 16

Pancreatic enzymes for fat digestion

Answer 16

Lipase,
Cholesterol esterase,
phospholipase

Question 17

These facilitate the hydrolysis of fat into fatty acids and monoglycerides

[fat –> fatty A. & monogly]

Answer 17

Lipase

Question 18

Facilitates hydrolysis of cholesterol esters

Answer 18

Cholesterol esterase

Question 19

Splits amino acids from phospholipids

Answer 19

Phospholipase

Question 20

These are activated once in the intestinal tract

Answer 20

Proteolytic enzyme

Question 21

This prevents trypsin activation inside the secretory cells, acini, and pancreatic ducts

Answer 21

Trypsin inhibitor

Question 22

Functions of trypsin inhibitor

Answer 22

• irreversibly blocks active sites
• prevent activation of proteolytic enzyme of pancreas (since trypsin promotes activation of such)

Question 23

Loss of trypsin inhibitor or pancreatic duct blockage (which overwhelms trypsin inhibitor) results in ______________.

Answer 23

pancreatitis

Question 24

Two important components of pancreatic juices

Answer 24

Bicarbonate
water

Question 25

Pancreatic juices are produced in _______.

Answer 25

pancreatic ductal cells

Question 26

How much can bicarbonate concentration reach?

Answer 26

145 mEq/L [5x of plasma]

Question 27

A high concentration of bicarbonate results in __________________.

Answer 27

neutralization of HCl.