Phase 3b Specialities

Question 1

Give some features of how dry eye presents?

Answer 1

Blurred vision
Irrirating
NOT Painful
NOT red

Question 2

Are dry eyes red?

Answer 2

no

Question 3

Give several investigations undertaken for sarcoidosis?

Answer 3

ACE
LFT
Ca2+
CXR

Question 4

What is the name for the border between the transparent cornea and opaque sclera?

Answer 4

Limbus

Question 5

What is chemosis?

Answer 5

Swelling of the conjunctiva due to oozing of exudate from abnormally permeable capillaries
Non-specific sign of eye irritation

Question 6

Developmental disorder in which an eye fails to achieve normal visual acuity even with glasses ‘lazy eye’ is termed..?

Answer 6

Ambylopia

Question 7

Conjunctivitis:
Is it red?
Is it painful?

Answer 7

Conjunctivitis
Red
NOT painful

Question 8

Describe bechets syndrome?

Answer 8

blood vessel inflammation which causes mouth sores, irits, skin rashes, genital sores

Assoc w/iritis NOT scleritis

Question 9

What causes corneal ulcers?

Answer 9

Usually caused by infection due to small injuries to eye or wearing contact lenses too long

Question 10

What is the mechanism of action of cycloplegic medications?

Answer 10

paralyse ciliary muscles of eye causing loss of accomodation and pupil dilation

Question 11

Give an example of a cycloplegic drug and a condition which it may be used?

Answer 11

Cyclopentonate

Iritis

Question 12

What is a common viral cause of conjunctivitis?

Answer 12

Adenovirus

Question 13

What are some of the bacterial causes of conjunctivitis?

Answer 13

staph/strep

STIs via hand transfer (gonorrhoea/chlamydia)

Question 14

Patient presents with an acute red eye, mucopurulent discharge which crusts making it difficult to open eyes in morning, likely diagnosis? management?

Answer 14

Conjunctivitis
Mucopurulent element suggests bacterial cause

Mx= chloramphenicol

Question 15

Give 3 systemic diseases which can cause iritis?

Answer 15

sarcoidosis, ank spond, IBD, bechet’s syndrome, reiter’s syndrome

Question 16

What immunological testing would be appropriate for suspected wegner’s granulomatosis?

Answer 16

serum ANCA+
Anti-MPO
Anti-PR3

Question 17

S&S of wegner's granulomatosis:
Vascular
Eyes
ENT
Lungs
Kidneys 
Joints 
GU

Answer 17

vasculitis 
scleritis / conjunctivitis 
sinusitis / OM 
caviating lesions 
glomerulonephritis / renal failure 
inflammatory arthritis 
haematuria, proteinuria, casts

Question 18

What is the conjuctiva?

Answer 18

Thin membrane that covers the sclera

Question 19

Allergic conjunctivitis is likely to be caused by

Answer 19

hayfever / dustmites

Question 20

What is the management of iritis?

Answer 20

topical steroids

cycloplegics (paralysis of ciliary muscles)

Question 21

Urinalysis of a patient with wegner’s granulomatosis shows…

Answer 21

protein
blood
pleasma creatinine

Question 22

Give 1 cause high intraocular pressure and 2 causes of low intraocular pressure?

Answer 22

High= glaucoma
Low= blind, cataracts