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Maud- Phase 3b > Derm Week > Flashcards

Derm Week Flashcards

1
Q

ALL CARDS MOVED TO ANKI

What is the commonest type of malignant melanoma? Give the 3 other types

A

ALL CARDS MOVED TO ANKI

Superficial spreading MM
Nodular
Acral lentiginuous melanoma (black nail)
Lentingo maligna melanoma (lentil bean shaped, on face)

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2
Q

What sun protection advice would you give for MM ptx

A

Sun cream SPF>30 (UVB protection)
High UVA star rating
Protective clothing (long sleeves, hat, sunglasses)
Avoid sun 11-3pm

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3
Q

Differential diagnoses for black nails?

A

acral lentiginous melanoma (MM)
trauma and subungual haemorrhage
fungal nail infection

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4
Q

A patient comes in concerned about one of their moles. What is the medical term for a mole? How can you assess the mole? If your findings are normal what advice would you give?

A

Benign melanocytic naevus
ABCDE for MM
Reassure, self-surveillance ABCDE for MM, sun protection advice

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5
Q

What are the three main types of skin condition caused by dermatophyte infections?

A 
Tinea capis (scalp ringworm) 
Tine corporis (ringworm)
Tinea pedia (athlete's foot)
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6
Q

What is the mangement of ringworm?

A

Topical or if severe oral terbinafine

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7
Q 
Which skin infections do the following viruses cause
HPV
VZV
HSV
Pox virus
A

HPV= genital warts
VZV= chicken pox/shingles
HSV= cold sores/ genital ulcers
Pox virus= molluscum contagiousm

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8
Q

What skin lesion am i? example of cause?

I am raised, fluid-filled, fluid is clear, smaller than 5mm

A

vesicle e.g HSV

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9
Q

What skin lesion am i?

I am flat and display only colour change

A

macule e.g freckle

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10
Q

Give 3 examples of skin changes you may observe in a patient with DM?

A

neuropathic ulcers,
acanthosis nigricans
lipohypertrophy

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11
Q

How is lyme disease transmitted?

A

tick bites

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12
Q

How is lyme disease treated?

A

penicillin >2wks

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13
Q

What is the commonest cause of erythema multiforme

A

idiopathic

others incl. HSV infection, SLE, UC, CA, sarcoidosis, pregnancy

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14
Q

You examine a skin lesion, it is raised, solid and >5mm. What is it? Potential cause?

A

Nodule e.g wart

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15
Q

You examine a skin lesion, it is raised, fluid-filled, clear fluid, over 5mm. What is it? Potential cause?

A

Bulla e.g burn blister

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16
Q

You examine a skin lesion, it is raised, a solid flat disc shape. What is it? Potential cause?

A

plaque

psoriasis

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17
Q

You examine a skin lesion, it is raised, solid, under 5mm, What is it? Potential cause?

A

papule

mole

18
Q

You examine a skin lesion, it is eroded. What is it? Potential cause?

A

ulcer

pressure ulcer

19
Q

You examine a skin lesion, it is raised, pus-filled. What is it? Potential cause?

A

pustule e.g acne

20
Q

What is the difference in evolution of SCC vs BCC

A 
SCC= fast growing e.g <2mo 
BCC= slow-growing e.g up to 1 year
21
Q 
Give an example of a skin condition which acts in the following distributions? 
Flexures 
Extensors 
Dermatomal 
Interiginious
A

Flexures= eczema
Extensors= psoriasis
Dermatomal= shingles
Interiginous (skin folds)= fungal

22
Q 
Give an example of a skin condition which has the following configuration?
Linear 
Annular 
Discoid 
Cluster
A 
Linear= Psoriasis (kobner phenomenon- follow skin injury/scars)
Annular= ringworm (round)
Discoid= discoid eczema 
Cluster= infections e.g HSV
23
Q

Give 3 physiological functions of skin?

A

Barrier/Protection
Thermoregulation
Sensation

24
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis from in to out?

A

Stratum corneum
Stratum granulosum
Straum spinosum
Statum basale

25
Q

A contagious superficial bacterial infection caused by staph aureus describes which condition?

A

Impetigo

26
Q

A patient presents with well-defined honey-crusting lesions around their mouth. Diagnosis? Treatment?

A

Impetigo

Topical fusidic acid, PO fluclox if severe

27
Q

What is the management of chicken pox?

A

Self-limiting,
Paracetamol / calmomine lotion
Aciclovir if severe

28
Q

Re-activation of _____ causes dermatomal skin lesions. This is called____ and is treated with ____

A

VZV, shingles, aciclovir

29
Q

What is the pathophysiology of shingles?

A

Re-activation of varicella zoster virus in posterior root ganglion

30
Q

What are the SEs of topical corticosteroid use?

A

Skin thinning (atrophy and striae)
Easy bruising
Telangiectasia
Exacerbating existing skin conditions e.g Acne
Increased susceptibility to skin infection (immunosuppressant)
Allergy

31
Q

Which common skin condition is made worse by topical corticosteroid?

A

Acne

32
Q

Give example of different strengths of corticosteroid creams?

A 
Hydrocortisone = mild 
Eumovatae= moderate
Betnovate= potent
Dermovate= very potent

“Hi, you bet derm”

33
Q

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is allergic contact dermatitis?

A

Type IV

34
Q

What is a skin fissure?

A

linear cleavage of skin e.g anal fissure

35
Q

Give several differentials for diffuse non-scarring hair loss?

A

male-pattern balding
hypothyroidism
hypopituitarism
iron-deficiency

36
Q

Alopecia acreta, fungal infection and secondary syphilis are all differentials for what kind of alopecia?

A

localised non-scarring

37
Q

Give several causes of scarring alopecia?

A

burns, severe infection, lichen planus, SLE

38
Q

What are the 2 categories of excessive hair growth?

A

Hirsutism (females): androgen-dependent

Hypertrichosis (males/females): non-androgen dependent

39
Q

What are the differentials for hirsutism?

A

*PCOS, androgen-secreting tumour, cushing’s, acromegaly, adrenal hyperplasia

40
Q

What is hirsutism?

A

development of male-pattern hair growth on females e.g face, chest, abdomen

41
Q

Hypertrichosis is a category of non-androgen dependent hair growth. Give 3 systemic disorders which may cause this?

A

CA, anorexia, malnutrition

Maud- Phase 3b (14 decks)

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