3b lectures Flashcards
What is a peer worker?
AKA expert by experience
Patient that has / has had the illness that can provide support to someone newly diagnosed
What is the commonest cause of maternal death within the 1st year post-partum?
Suicide
What are the 5 main categories of psychotropic medications?
Antipsychotics Antidepressants Anti-anxiety agents Stimulants Mood stabilisers
What are the stages of PDSA cycle?
Plan, Do, Study, Act
Name a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a condition for which it is prescribed and its MOA?
Nintedanib Pulmonary Fibrosis Inhibits VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor)
*TKIs end in -nib
What are the 2 broad categories of bronchodilators and how do they work?
Adrenergic receptor agonists (SNS)= binding to B2 adrenoceptors causes bronchodilation
Anti-cholinergics (PNS)= blocking muscarinic receptors prevents Ach binding which normally causes bronchoconstriction
Give an example of a SABA, LABA, Ultra-long BA?
Salbutamol
Salmeterol
Indacterol (once daily)
Give an example of an anti-cholinergic?
Ipratropium bromide
Give 3 side effects of long term inhaled corticosteroid use?
reduced bone density
adrenal suppression
cataracts/glaucoma
For which respiratory condition is pirfenidone prescribed? MOA?
IPF
Anti-fibrotic drug that reduced fibroblast proliferation and collagen production
What is the calculation for ideal body weight for men and women?
Men= (0.9 x Height)- 88 Female= (0.9 x Height)-92
*height measure in cm
What is the calculation for total blood volume in adults, children, neonates?
Adults= 70mls/kg Children= 80mls/kg Neonates= 90mls/kg
Describe Normal Saline and explain why you should not resuscitate someone on normal saline for a prolonged period of time
Solution of Na+ (154) and Cl- (154)- normal for both is 140
Long term resuscitation on normal saline results in hypernatraemia and hyperchloraemic acidosis
What is different between normal saline and hartmanns solution?
Hartmann’s is a balanced salt solution - it has other electrolytes in it which normal saline does not e.g K+ and Ca2+
If you gave a patient IV 5% glucose fluids which electrolyte derangement might you expect to see and why?
Hypokalaemia - glucose is co-transported into cells with potassium so if you give glucose you get hypokalaemia
What are the daily requirements /kg of: Water Na+ K+ Energy
Water= 30mls/kg Na+ = 1-2mmol/kg K+ = 1mmol/kg Energy= 30kcal/kg
What is the calculation for average urine output?
0.5-1ml/kg/hr
What is meant by the presentation ‘somnolescence’?
Drowsiness / sleepiness
Buccal mucosal hyperpigmentation is pathopneumonic of which endocrine condition?
Addison’s disease (addrenal insufficiency)
Mx of CA-related hypercalcaemia?
IV fluids, IV/oral bisphosphonates, refer to oncology
Secondary HTN causes?
Renal artery stenosis, PKD
Cushing’s, Acromegaly
Conn’s, Phaeochromocytoma
Aortic coarctation
Mx of phaeochromocytoma?
Alpha blockage with phenoxybenzamine
Then beta blockers
Give an example of a testosterone that is administered? route? frequency? monitoring?
Sustanon IM every 4 weeks
Monitor for BPH / Prostate CA- PSA and DRE
Describe TFTs of throid storm?
High T4, Low TSH
What is the management of thyroid storm?
IV fluids, Oral propylthiouracil, IV hydrocortisone,
Cardiac monitoring + pulse oximetry
Urgent endocrine referral
What can precipitate a thyroid storm?
thyroid surgery, infection, MI, DJA, radioactive iodine
What electrolyte abnormality can occur if a patient with DI is given too much desmopressin as tx?
Hyponatraemia
Give an endocrine ‘condition of under-secretion’ and an appropriate endocrine test to go with it?
Under-secretion- adrenal insufficiency
Short synacthen test
Give an endocrine ‘condition of over-secretion’ and an appropriate endocrine test to go with it?
Over-secretion= Cushing’s disease
Dexamethasone suppression test
