Pharmacology, Pediatrics, & Psych Principles

Question 1

Interpret 70/30 insulin mixture

Answer 1

70% NPH insulin
30% regular insulin
NOTE: N is in the numerator; if administering 50 units, you would have 35 units of NPH and 15 units of regular insulin

Question 2

Drawing up insulin mixtures

Answer 2

Inject air into NPH, inject air into Regular, draw up Regular, draw up NPH

Question 3

Injections and needle size

Answer 3

IM — looks like 1 — pick answer where both parts have the number 1. EX) 21 gauge - 1 inch needle for IM injection

Subq — looks like 5 — pick answer where both parts have the number 5. EX) 25 gauge — 5/8 inch needle for Subq injection

Question 4

Compare and contrast heparin and warfarin

Answer 4

Heparin: IV or subq, works immediately, cannot be given longer than 3 weeks (except lovenox), antidote = protamine sulfate, monitor aPTT, can be given to pregnant women

Warfarin: PO, takes a few days to a week to work, can be given for life, antidote = vitamin K, monitor PT/INR, CANNOT be given to pregnant women

Question 5

Baclofen side effects

Answer 5

Fatigue/drowsiness, muscle weakness

Question 6

Baclofen teaching

Answer 6

Don’t drink, drive, or operative heavy machinery

Question 7

Piaget’s teaching for children in sensorimotor stage

Answer 7

• ages 0-2
• teach while you do it/as you do it, verbally tell them what you are doing

Question 8

Piaget’s teaching for children in preoperational stage

Answer 8

• ages 3-6
• teach them shortly before (“the morning of,” “the day of”)
• teach them what you are going to do, speak in future tense
• this age group learns through play and are highly imaginative

Question 9

Piaget’s teaching for children in concrete operational stage

Answer 9

• ages 7-11
• this age group is rule-oriented
• teach them days ahead
• teach what you are going to do + skills, using age appropriate reading and demonstration

Question 10

Piaget’s teaching for children in formal operational stage

Answer 10

• ages 12-15
• this age group has abstract thinking and understand cause-and-effect
• teach them like an adult

Question 11

Psych principles

Answer 11

Do not give or accept gifts, do not give advice, keep the patient talking, do not use slang, practice empathy

Question 12

4-step process for answering empathy questions

Answer 12

1) always have a quote and each answer is a quote
2) put yourself in the client’s place
3) if I said those words and really meant them, how would I feel right now
4) choose the answer the reflects that feeling or anything close — empathy ignores what is said and goes with what is felt
NOTE: do not respond to what the patient SAYS, respond to what the patient FEELS