Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Comprehensive NCLEX Review > Alcoholism, Delirium Tremors, & Peak And Trough > Flashcards

Alcoholism, Delirium Tremors, & Peak And Trough Flashcards

1
Q

Number one psychological problem in ALL abuse cases

A

Denial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

_________ is the refusal to accept the reality of a problem

A

Denial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do you treat denial?

A

Confront the problem by pointing out the difference to the person of what they say and what they do (EX: “you say you are not an alcoholic, but it is 10 am and you already drank a six-pack”; “you say you are not a child abuser, but protective services has your children”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Under which circumstance would you support rather than confront denial?

A

With loss and grieving (denial is part of the five phases of grief: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_________ is when the abuser gets the significant other to do things for them or make decisions for them

A

Dependency (the ABUSER is dependent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

__________ is when the significant other derives positive self-esteem from making decisions for or doing things for the abuser

A

Codependency (the SIGNIFICANT OTHER is codependent of the abuser)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Treatment for dependency/codependency

A

Set limits and enforce it (teach the SO to start saying NO); oftentimes, relationship will be lost.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

_________ is when the abuser gets significant other to do things for him/her that is not in the best interest of the significant other

A

Manipulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nature of manipulation

A

Interest and harmful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How can you tell the difference between manipulation and dependency?

A
  • Manipulation occurs when what the SO is asked to do is inherently harmful or dangerous to the SO; EX) A 49 year old alcoholic gets her 17 year old daughter to go to the store for her = manipulation b/c minor buying alcohol is illegal
  • Dependency occurs when what the SO is asked to do is neutral (no harm, no foul); EX) A 49 year old alcoholic asks her 50 year old husband to go to the store and buy alcohol for her = dependency b/c there is no harm to the husband
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment for manipulation

A

Set limits and enforce them — start saying no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Wernicke’s-Korsakoff syndrome is characterized by

A

Encephalopathy (Wernicke’s) and psychosis (Korsakoff)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Wernicke’s Korsakoff is psychosis induced by __________ deficiency

A

Thiamine (Vitamin B1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Primary symptom of Wernicke’s-Korsakoff

A

Amnesia (memory loss) with confabulation (making up stories)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nursing care for patients with wernicke’s-korsakoff

A

REDIRECT the patient; do NOT present reality because they cannot learn it (d/t permanent brain damage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Characteristics of Wernicke’s Korsakoff

A

Preventable (w/ B1), arrestable (prevent from getting worse by stopping drinking and taking B1), and irreversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Drug used for aversion therapy for treatment of alcohol abuse

A

Disulfiram (Antabuse or Revia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Onset and duration of disulfiram (Antabuse)

A

2 weeks (takes 2 weeks to be effective and effectiveness wears after 2 weeks weeks of discontinuation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Disulfiram (Antabuse) patient education

A
  • Avoid things that contain alcohol: mouthwash, aftershave, perfumes/cologne, insect repellents, OTC that ends in -elixir, alcohol-based hand sanitizers, uncooked icings (d/t vanilla extract)
  • NOTE: red wine vinaigrette is OKAY! It does NOT contain alcohol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Examples of abused drugs that are UPPERS

A

Caffeine, cocaine, PCP/LSD (psychedelic hallucinogens), methamphetamines, adderall

21
Q

S/S of “upper” drugs

A

Things go UP: euphoria, tachycardia, restlessness, irritability, borborygmi, diarrhea, hyperreflexia (3&4), muscle spasticity, seizure (keep suction at bedside)

22
Q

Examples of drugs that are downers

A

Everything that is NOT an upper is a downer: dilaudid, morphine sulfate, codeine, Demerol, fentanyl, ambien, Ativan, Xanax, Valium, Librium, Phenobarbital

23
Q

S/S of “downer” drugs

A

Lethargy, risk for respiratory depression/arrest

24
Q

With withdrawal, too little upper makes everything go _____, and too little downers makes everything go _____.

A

Down; up

25
Q

Upper overdose looks like what other situation?

A

Downer withdrawal

26
Q

Downer overdose looks like what other situation?

A

Upper withdrawal

27
Q

Which two drug abuse situations would respiratory arrest and depression be the highest priority?

A

Downer overdose and upper withdrawal

28
Q

Which two drug abuse situations would seizure be the highest risk/priority?

A

Upper overdose and downer withdrawal

29
Q

How old does an infant have to be before diagnosed with drug withdrawal?

A

At least 24 hours (always assume intoxication, NOT withdrawal AT BIRTH)

30
Q

Every alcoholic goes through withdrawal ___ hours after they stop drinking. Only a minority get delirium tremors after ___ hours

A

24; 72

31
Q

Nursing care for patient with alcohol withdrawal syndrome

A

Regular diet, semi-private room anywhere on unit, up ad lib (pt can be get up and go around anywhere they want to go), NO restraints (not danger to self or others)

32
Q

Nursing care for patient with delirium tremors

A

NPO (risk for seizures and aspiration), private room near nurses station, bed rest, restraints with vest or two-point locked leathers (danger to self and others)

33
Q

Nursing care for BOTH AWS and DT

A

Administer Antihypertensives, tranquilizer, and B1

34
Q

Antibiotics used to treat serious, life-threatening, resistant, gram-negative infections

A

Aminoglycosides

35
Q

All aminoglycosides in end -_____

A

-mycin

36
Q

List three antibiotics that end in -mycin that are NOT aminoglycosides?

A

Drugs that include “thro”: erythromycin, zapthromycin, clarithromycin

37
Q

Aminoglycosides adverse effects

A

Ototoxicity, tinnitus, vertigo/dizziness, nephrotoxicity (REMEMBER: MYCIN sounds like MICE. Think of mouse ears to remember effects on hearing; also, human ear looks like kidney. This helps to remember nephrotoxicity)

38
Q

Aminoglycoside nursing care

A

Administer every 8 hours, monitor hearing and creatinine

39
Q

Aminoglycoside route of administration

A

IM or IV (do NOT give PO b/c they will not be absorbed)

40
Q

What are the two cases in which aminoglycosides would be given orally?

A

1) Hepatic encephalopathy (aminoglycosides will kill E. Coli in gut, which produces ammonia)
2) Pre-op bowel surgery (sterilizes bowel — typically w/ neomycin and kanamycin)
MEMORY TRICK: “who can sterilize my bowel?” … “Neo Kan!”

41
Q

_____ describes when the drug is at its lowest level in the body

A

Trough

42
Q

_____ describes when the drug is at its highest level in the body

A

Peak

43
Q

When to draw peak and trough?

A

TAP levels: draw Trough (before administration), Administer, draw your Peak (after administration)

44
Q

Peak/Troughs are drawn on medications with

A

Narrow therapeutic windows

45
Q

When should trough be drawn on a sublingual, IV, IM, Subq, and PO medications?

A

30 minutes before the next dose

46
Q

When should peak be drawn with sublingual medications?

A

5-10 min after drug is dissolved

47
Q

When should peak be drawn with IV medications?

A

15-30 min after drug is finished (when bag is empty)

48
Q

When should peak be drawn with IM medications?

A

30-60 min after administration

Comprehensive NCLEX Review (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions