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USMLE Step 1 > Pharmacology - Drug Reactions > Flashcards

Pharmacology - Drug Reactions Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Coronary vasospasm

A

Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergots

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2
Q

Cutaneous flushing

A

Vancomycin, adenosine, niacin, CCBs

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3
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin (chemotherapeutic intercalating agents)

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4
Q

Torsades de pointes

A

Class III (K-channel blockers, e.g. amiodarone, sotalol) and Class IA (fast Na-channel blockers, e.g. quinidine, procainamide) anti-arrhythmics, macrolide antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs

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5
Q

Adrenocortical insufficiency

A

Glucocorticoid withdrawal

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6
Q

Hot flashes

A

Tamoxifen, clomiphene

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7
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, niacin, HCTZ, beta-blockers, corticosteroids

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8
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

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9
Q

Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice

A

Erythromycin

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10
Q

Diarrhea

A

Metformin, erythromycin, colchicine, orlistat (lipase inhibitor), acarbose (alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, anti-diabetic)

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11
Q

Hepatic necrosis

A

Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen

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12
Q

Hepatitis

A

INH

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13
Q

Pancreatitis

A

Didanosine (reverse transcriptase inhibitor), corticosteroids, alcohol, valproic acid, azathioprine, diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)

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14
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins

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15
Q

Agranulocytosis

A

Dapsone, clozapine, carbamazepine, colchicine, methimazole, propylthiouracil

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16
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

Carbamazepine, methimazole, NSAIDs, benzene, chloramphenicol, propylthiouracil

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17
Q

Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia

A

Methyldopa, penicillin

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18
Q

Gray baby syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

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19
Q

Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency

A

INH, sulfonamides, dapsone, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin

20
Q

Megaloblastic anemia

A

Phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs

21
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

Heparin, cimetidine

22
Q

Thrombotic complications

A

OCPs

23
Q

Fat redistribution

A

Protease inhibitors, glucocorticoids

24
Q

Gingival hyperplasia

A

Phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine

25
Q

Hyperuricemia

A

Pyrazinimide, thiazides, furosemide, niacin, cyclosporine

26
Q

Myopathy

A

Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-alpha, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids

27
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Corticosteroids, heparin

28
Q

Photosensitivity

A

Sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracyclines, 5-FU

29
Q

SJS

A

Anti-epileptics (ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbitol), allopurinol, sulfa drugs, penicillins

30
Q

SLE

A

Sulfa drugs, hydralazine, INH, procainamide, phenytoin, etanercept (recall: anti-histone antibodies)

31
Q

Teeth discoloration

A

Tetracyclines

32
Q

Tendonitis, tendon rupture, cartilage damage

A

Fluoroquinolones

33
Q

Cinchonism (similar to serotonin syndrome, plus hearing loss/tinnitus/rash)

A

Quinidine, quinine

34
Q

Parkinson-like syndrome

A

Antipsychotics, reserpine (blocks monoamine packaging into vesicles), metoclopramide (D2 antagonist, anti-emetic, pro-kinetic)

35
Q

Seizures

A

INH (B6 deficiency), bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, tramadol, enflurane, metoclopramide

36
Q

Tardive dyskinesia

A

Antipsychotics, metoclopramide

37
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Lithium, demeclocycline

38
Q

Fanconi syndrome

A

Expired tetracycline

39
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)

40
Q

Interstitial nephritis

A

Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide

41
Q

SIADH

A

Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRIs

42
Q

Dry cough

A

ACE inhibitors

43
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis

A

Amiodarone, bleomycin, busulfan, methotrexate

44
Q

Anticholinergic picture

A

Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, antipsychotics

45
Q

Disulfiram picture

A

Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st-gen sulfonylureas

46
Q

Nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity

A

Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin

USMLE Step 1 (14 decks)

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