Pharmacology - Drug Reactions Flashcards
Coronary vasospasm
Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergots
Cutaneous flushing
Vancomycin, adenosine, niacin, CCBs
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Doxorubicin, daunorubicin (chemotherapeutic intercalating agents)
Torsades de pointes
Class III (K-channel blockers, e.g. amiodarone, sotalol) and Class IA (fast Na-channel blockers, e.g. quinidine, procainamide) anti-arrhythmics, macrolide antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs
Adrenocortical insufficiency
Glucocorticoid withdrawal
Hot flashes
Tamoxifen, clomiphene
Hyperglycemia
Tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, niacin, HCTZ, beta-blockers, corticosteroids
Hypothyroidism
Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides
Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice
Erythromycin
Diarrhea
Metformin, erythromycin, colchicine, orlistat (lipase inhibitor), acarbose (alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, anti-diabetic)
Hepatic necrosis
Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen
Hepatitis
INH
Pancreatitis
Didanosine (reverse transcriptase inhibitor), corticosteroids, alcohol, valproic acid, azathioprine, diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)
Pseudomembranous colitis
Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins
Agranulocytosis
Dapsone, clozapine, carbamazepine, colchicine, methimazole, propylthiouracil
Aplastic anemia
Carbamazepine, methimazole, NSAIDs, benzene, chloramphenicol, propylthiouracil
Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
Methyldopa, penicillin
Gray baby syndrome
Chloramphenicol
Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
INH, sulfonamides, dapsone, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin
Megaloblastic anemia
Phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs
Thrombocytopenia
Heparin, cimetidine
Thrombotic complications
OCPs
Fat redistribution
Protease inhibitors, glucocorticoids
Gingival hyperplasia
Phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine
Hyperuricemia
Pyrazinimide, thiazides, furosemide, niacin, cyclosporine
Myopathy
Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-alpha, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids
Osteoporosis
Corticosteroids, heparin
Photosensitivity
Sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracyclines, 5-FU
SJS
Anti-epileptics (ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbitol), allopurinol, sulfa drugs, penicillins
SLE
Sulfa drugs, hydralazine, INH, procainamide, phenytoin, etanercept (recall: anti-histone antibodies)
Teeth discoloration
Tetracyclines
Tendonitis, tendon rupture, cartilage damage
Fluoroquinolones
Cinchonism (similar to serotonin syndrome, plus hearing loss/tinnitus/rash)
Quinidine, quinine
Parkinson-like syndrome
Antipsychotics, reserpine (blocks monoamine packaging into vesicles), metoclopramide (D2 antagonist, anti-emetic, pro-kinetic)
Seizures
INH (B6 deficiency), bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, tramadol, enflurane, metoclopramide
Tardive dyskinesia
Antipsychotics, metoclopramide
Diabetes insipidus
Lithium, demeclocycline
Fanconi syndrome
Expired tetracycline
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)
Interstitial nephritis
Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide
SIADH
Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRIs
Dry cough
ACE inhibitors
Pulmonary fibrosis
Amiodarone, bleomycin, busulfan, methotrexate
Anticholinergic picture
Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, antipsychotics
Disulfiram picture
Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st-gen sulfonylureas
Nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin