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VetTechPrep > Pharmacology: Commonly Used Drugs > Flashcards

Pharmacology: Commonly Used Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Antibiotic
Suffix

A
  • micin / mycin
  • in / ime
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2
Q

Gentamicin

A
  • Antibiotic
  • Can be renal-toxic
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3
Q

Enrofloxacin

A
  • Antibiotic
  • May cayse cartilage defects in young dogs or blindness in cats
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4
Q

Cefovecin

A
  • Antibiotic
  • Also known as Convenia
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5
Q

Doxycycline

A
  • Antibiotic
  • Generally doesn’t cause bone and teeth abnormalities or discoloration in young animals
  • Tetracycline may cause these effectws
  • Do not dry pill cat - esophageal strictures
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6
Q

Metronidazole

A
  • Antibiotic
  • Commonly used to treat diarrhea, colitis, and Giardia
  • Rarely causes a neurotoxicity - treat with diazepam
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7
Q

Corticosteriod
Suffix

A

Sone / lone

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8
Q

Opioids

A

Mu agonists or partial mu agonists
* reversed with naloxone

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9
Q

Opioid
Examples

A
  • Fentanyl
  • Morphine / Hydromorphine
  • Buprenorphine
  • Butorphanol
  • Tramadol
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10
Q

NSAIDS

A

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories
* cause increased risk of GI ulcerations
* may effect liver and kidneys
* monitor BW with use

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11
Q

NSAID
Examples

A
  • Carprofen / Rimadyl
  • Meloxicam / Metacam
  • Ketoprofen
  • Firocoxib / Previcox
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12
Q

Carprofen Use

A

Also called Rimadyl
* NSAID
* post-op for analgesia
* arthritis management
* acute orthopedic injury
* rarely causes liver failure

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13
Q

Meloxicam

A

Also called Metacam
* NSAID
* may increase risk of nephrotoxicity

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14
Q

Ketoprofen

A
  • NSAID
  • used often to reduce fever
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15
Q

Ketamine

A

Dissociative Anesthetic
* causes muscle rigidity - reason to use Diazepam with
* increases HR, BP, and cardiac output

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16
Q

Diazepam

A

Benzodiazepine Anesthetic
* also called Valium
* causes skeletal muscle relaxation - enhances GABA

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17
Q

Propofol

A

Short-acting Hypnotic Agent
* injectable
* given slowly - can cause apnea and hypotension

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18
Q

Lidocaine / Bupivicaine

A

Local Anesthetics
* lidocaine also used as anti-arrhythmic

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19
Q

Dexmedetomidine

A

Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agent (agonist)
* also called Dexdomitor
* reversed with Atipamezole (Antisedan)
* do not use in those with cardiac disease or who are debilitated - causes bradycardia

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20
Q

Xylazine

A

Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agent
* reveresed with Yohimbine

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21
Q

Acepromazine

A

Phenothiazine Tranquilizer
* may lower seizure threshold
* vasodilation, which can cause hypotension
* can help stabilize the heart

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22
Q

Apomorphine

A

Used to cause vomiting (emetic)
* opioid
* injectable or tablet to be placed into eye conjunctiva

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23
Q

Inhalant Anesthetics

A

Most common side effect is hypotension
* isoflurane
* sevoflurane
* halothane - not used as much due to cardiac issues

24
Q

Furosemide

A

Used for congestive heart failure
* also called Lasix
* works on loop of Henle (diuretic)

25
Q

Enalapril / Benazapril

A

Used for heart failure and hypotension
* sometimes used for chronic renal failure
* vasodilator
* ace-inhibitor

26
Q

Pemobendan

A

Treats congestive heart failure
* also called Vetmedin
* improve cardiac output / contractions
* treats those with valvular disease or DCM

27
Q

Spironolactone

A

Potassium sparing diuretic
* aldosterone antagonist

28
Q

Amlodipine

A

Decreased blood pressure
* chosen anti-hypertension for cats

29
Q

Atropine

A

Anticholinergic
* increased HR
* used in CPCR
* treats bradycardia during anesthesia

30
Q

Fenbendazole

A

General anthelmentic
* also called Panacur
* treats Giardia, Hooks, Rounds, Whips
* treats Taenia but not Dipylidium tapeworms

31
Q

Sulfadimethoxine

A

Also called Albon
* treats coccidia

32
Q

Pyrantel

A

Used primarily for ascarid treatment
* treats hooks and rounds

33
Q

Praziquantel

A

Also called Droncit / Profender
* treats rounds and hooks
* used also for tapeworm treatment
* approved for use in cats

34
Q

Selamectin

A

Also called Revolution
* topical parasite prevention
* treats hooks, rounds, HW, fleas, and ear mites for cats
* also treats Sarcoptes

35
Q

Ivermectin

A

Prevention of HW, hooks, rounds
* treats demodex (injectable)
* contraindicated in Collie-type breeds
* not effective against flukes

36
Q

Milbemycin

A

Also called Interceptor
* prevention of HW, hooks, rounds, and whips

37
Q

Famotidine

A

Also called Pepcid AC
* GI drug

38
Q

Carafate

A

Also called Sucralfate
* gastropectant - “band-aid” for GI tract
* may impaire absorption of oral meds

39
Q

Metoclopamide

A

Also called Reglan
* upper GI pro-kinetic agent
* anti-emetic - prevents vomiting by blocking dopamine in CRTZ
* may cause hyperactivity / excitement in cats
* increases GI motility

40
Q

CRTZ

A

Chemo-Receptor Trigger Zone

41
Q

Maropitant

A

Also called Cerenia
* anti-nausea / anti-vomiting

42
Q

Cisapride

A

Pro-motility agent for upper and lower GI tract
* used on cats with megacolon
* not available - needs compounding

43
Q

Omeprazole

A

Also called Prilosec
* proton pump inhibitor
* treats / prevents GI ulcers

44
Q

Methocarbamol

A

Also called Robaxin
* muscle relaxant

45
Q

Fluconazole
Ketoconazole
Itraconazole

A

Anti-Fungals
* potentially hepatotoxic

46
Q

Trilostane

A

Also called Vetoryl
* treats hyperadrenocorticism
* adrenal steroid synthesis inhibitor

47
Q

Levothyroxine

A

Thyroid hormone
* treats hypothyroidism

48
Q

Methimazole

A

Also called Tapazole
* treats hyperthyroidism
* inhibits synthetsis of thyroid hormone

49
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

Also called Benadryl
* anti-histamine
* used for allergies and allergic reactions

50
Q

Epinephrine

A

Alpha and Beta - Adrenergic Agonists
* used for anaphylaxis and cardiac resuscitation

51
Q

Guafenisen

A

Muscle relaxant
* used painly in large animal anesthesia

52
Q

Pentobarbital

A

Euthanasia solution
* barbiturate

53
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Anti-seizure medication
* barbiturate

54
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Appetite stimulate

55
Q

Lufenuron

A

Controls flea populations
* stop life cycle at egg stage
* oral dose

56
Q

Fipronil

A

Kills adult fleas
* inhibits GABA
* topical form
* also works on ticks

57
Q

Imidacloprid

A

Topical flea adulticide
* neurotransmitter blocker

VetTechPrep (28 decks)

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