Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y3 Psychiatry > Pharmacology - Anxiolytics > Flashcards

Pharmacology - Anxiolytics Flashcards

1
Q

what neural circuit controls the fear symptoms in anxiety?

A

amygdala centered circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what neural circuit controls the worry symptoms of anxiety?

A

cortico striatal thalamic cortical circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where in the brain is the affect of fear controlled?

A

anterior cingulate cortex/orbitofrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what part of the brain controls avoidance?

A

periaqueductal grey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what part of the brain causes an increase in cortisol?

A

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what part of the brain causes increased BP and HR?

A

locus coeruleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what five neurotransmitters are involved in amygdala centred circuits?

A 
serotonin
GABA
glutamate 
CRF 
noradrenaline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the main inhibitory transmitter in the brain?

A

GABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which drugs enhance the action of GABA?

A

benzodiazepines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the three main GABA receptors?

A

A B and C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which GABA receptor is the target of benzodiazepines?

A

GABA-A

also the target of barbiturates and alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

name three examples of benzodiazepines

A

lorazepam
diazepam
chlordiazepoxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what pharmacological effects do benzodiazepines have?

A

reduce anxiety
sedation
muscle relaxation
anticonvulsant effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how do benzodiazepines act?

A

increase GABA mediated inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the antagonist used to treat benzodiazepine overdose?

A

flumazenil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

name three possible issues with benzodiazepine use

A

paradoxical aggression
anterograde amnesia
tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the first step in withdrawing a patient from benzodiazepines?

A

reduce the dose every few weeks in steps of 2mg

if symptoms occur maintain the dose until symptoms improve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what antidepressants can be used acutely for anxiety?

A

SSRIs

increase extracellular serotonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what SSRIs can be used for GAD?

A

escitalopram

paroxetine

20
Q

what anxiety disorders can SSRIs be used for?

A 
panic disorder 
OCD
PTSD
phobias 
GAD
21
Q

what anxiety disorders can tricyclics be used for?

A 
panic disorder (2nd line) 
OCD
22
Q

what anxiety disorder can venlafaxine (SNRI) be used for?

A

GAD

23
Q

what anxiety disorder can moclobemide (MAOI) be used for?

A

social anxiety disorder

24
Q

what is the first line management for GAD?

A

high intensity CBT or SSRI

25
Q

what is the second line drug management for GAD?

A

SNRI

26
Q

what is the third line drug management for GAD?

A

pregabalin

27
Q

what is the last line treatment for GAD?

A

combined CBT and drug treatment

28
Q

what can be considered as short term management of GAD?

A

benzodiazepines

<2 weeks

29
Q

what is the first line management for panic disorder?

A

CBT or SSRI

30
Q

what is the second line management for panic disorder?

A

tricyclics

31
Q

how long should treatment be continued in GAD?

A

18 months

assess at 12 weeks

32
Q

how long should treatment be continued for in panic disorder?

A

6 months

33
Q

what is the first line management for OCD?

A

low intensity psychological intervention

34
Q

what is the second line management for OCD?

A

more intensive psychological intervention or SSRI

35
Q

how long should SSRI be continued for in OCD?

A

a year

consider dose increase if needed afterr 4-6 weeks

36
Q

what is the second line drug management of OCD?

A

clomipramine

37
Q

what is the last line medical management of OCD?

A

augmentation with antipsychotic OR

clomipraminen plus citalopram

38
Q

what is the management of mild PTSD within <4 weeks from the trauma?

A

watchful waiting

39
Q

what is the management of PTSD within three months of trauma?

A

trauma focused CBT

hypnotic medication for sleep disturbance

40
Q

what is the management of PTSD more than three months after the trauma?

A

trauma focused CBT

EMDR

41
Q

what is the first line management for social anxiety?

A

CBT

42
Q

outline the stages of drug management of social anxiety

A
  1. SSRI
  2. alternative SSRI or SNRI
  3. MAOI
43
Q

what SSRIs can be used for social anxiety?

A

escitalopram or sertraline first line

alternatives = fluvoxamine or paroxetine

44
Q

what SNRI can be used for social anxiety?

A

venlafaxine

45
Q

what MAOI can be used for social anxiety?

A

moclobemide

46
Q

when should SSRI use be reviewed in social anxiety?

A

at 12 weeks

Y3 Psychiatry (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions