pharmacology: alcohols

Question 1

what do alcohols cause?

Answer 1

CNS depression (GABA mimetic activity) and metabolic acidosis

Question 2

what is the treatment for overdose with methanol and ethylene glycol?

Answer 2

fomepizole (long acting inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase) - protects against metabolic acidosis

Question 3

what drug interaction do alcohols have? effect?

Answer 3

metronidazole, chlorpropamide, griseofulvin mixed with alcohol cause dislfiram-like effects

Question 4

what causes the effects of a hangover?

Answer 4

N/V, headache, hypotension caused by acetaldehyde

Question 5

what does acetaldehyde toxicity cause?

Answer 5

increased sociability, gait disturbances, increased reaction time, ataxia, impaired motor and mental skills, impaired memory, coma, death

Question 6

what does chronic alcoholism cause?

Answer 6

hypoglycemia, fatty liver/lipemia, muscle wasting, gout (lactate compete with urate for excretion)