Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BPT Written > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Drug metabolism affected by CYP 2D6 variants

A 
Codeine
Nortriptyline
Metoprolol
SSRIs
Simvastatin
Tamoxifen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Drug metabolism affected by CYP 2C19 variants

A

Clopidogrel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most common side effects of SSRIs

A

Nausea

Sexual dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CYP3A4 inducers

A 
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital
Rifabutin
Rifampicin
Enzalutamide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CYP3A4 inhibitors

A

Clarithromycin
Cobicistat
Ritonavir
Voriconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lithium level measurement

A

Take 12 hours after last dose, aim level 0.8-1.2 mmol/L.

Level taken 1 hour post dose highly variable and unreliable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Phenytoin level measurement

A

Aim total level 10-20 mg/L.
Highly protein bound - calculate using free level 1-2 mg/L, if low albumin or presence of other high protein binding drug (eg. valproate).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Anticlockwise hysteresis

A 
Delayed distribution (drug slowly distributed to action site)
eg. digoxin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clockwise hysteresis

A 
Acute tolerance (tachyphylaxis ie. drug concentration soon after single dose caues greater effect than same concentration at later time)
eg. amphetamines, cocaine, GTN
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mechanism of action - dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

A
  • Inhibition of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle, reducing tone
  • Can cause reflex tachycardia from vasodilation and hypotension
    eg. amlodipine, lercanidipine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mechanism of action - phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine)

A
  • Selective for myocardium, reduces myocardial oxygen demand
  • Reverses coronary vasospasm
  • Minimal vasodilatory effect
    eg. verapamil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mechanism of action - benzothiazepine calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine)

A
  • Intermediate with both cardiac depressant and vasodilator actions
    eg. diltiazem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mechanism of action - calcimimetic

A
  • Activate calcium sensing receptor
  • Inhibit PTH secretion
  • Results in reduced Ca and PO4 levels
    eg. cinacalcet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS) / toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) - causes

A 
Allopurinol
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine
Meloxicam
Nevirapine
Phenobarbital, primidone
Phenytoin, forphenytoin
Piroxicam, tenoxicam
Sulfadiazine, sulfadoxine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Most common drug-associated cause of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)

A

Quinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most common drug-associated cause of acute interstitial nephritis (AIN)

A

NSAIDs

Antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamides)

17
Q

Mechanism of action - carbimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)

A
  • Blocks de novo thyroid hormone synthesis

- No effect on pre-formed thyroid hormone release

18
Q

Mechanism of action - iodine 131 and Lugol’s solution

A
  • Inhibits thyroid hormone secretion

- Temporary inhibition of iodine organification and thyroid hormone synthesis

BPT Written (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions