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BPT Written > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Management of stages of NSCLC

A

Stage I and II - surgical resection
Stage II and III - adjuvant chemotherapy following resection
Stage III and IV - chemoradiotherapy if non-resectable

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2
Q

Adverse effects - tamoxifen in breast cancer

A

Hot flushes
Thromboembolism
Endometrial cancer

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3
Q

Adverse effects - aromatase inhibitors (eg. letrozole) in breast cancer

A

Osteoporosis and bone loss
Arthralgia
(Use in post-menopausal women only)

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4
Q

Colorectal cancer - NHMRC screening guidelines for average risk

A

No history or family history of cancer OR 1 1st/2nd degree relative diagnosed age 55 or older

  • FOBT 2 yearly for over age 50
  • Sigmoidoscopy 5 yearly over age 50
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5
Q

Colorectal cancer - NHMRC screening guidelines for moderate risk

A

2 1st degree relatives OR 1st degree relative diagnosed less than age 50

  • Colonoscopy 5 yearly from age 50 or 10 years prior to family member diagnosis age
  • Flexi-sigmoidoscopy and barium enema, if unable to do colonoscopy
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6
Q

Colorectal cancer - NHMRC screening guidelines for high risk

A

Confirmed FAP - Sigmoidoscopy yearly from age 15 til development of polyposis

HNPCC - Colonoscopy 1-2 yearly from age 25 or 5 years prior to family member diagnosis age

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7
Q

Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) - clinical features

A 
Age less than 50
Proximal (Right sided colon predominantly)
Microsatellite instability
Poorly differentiated
Mucinous
Lymphocytic infiltrate
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8
Q

Extravasation injury - vesicants (potential to cause tissue necrosis)

A 
Anthracyclines (eg. doxorubicin - most significant)
Vinca alkaloids (eg. vincristine)
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9
Q

Extravasation injury - irritants (inflammatory reaction at site)

A 
Platinum analogues (eg. cisplatin)
Taxanes (eg. paclitaxel)
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10
Q

Cancer associated with Streptococcus bovis

A

Colorectal cancer

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11
Q

Chemotherapy adverse effects - cardiotoxicity

A

Anthracycline (doxorubicin)

  • arrhythmias, myocardial necrosis, vaso-occlusion or vasospasm - dose dependent, reversible on cessation
  • cardiac failure - dose dependent, irreversible

5-Fluorouracil
- coronary vasospasm

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12
Q

Chemotherapy adverse effects - neuropathy

A 
Vincristine
Oxaliplatin
Taxol
Cisplatin/carboplatin
Bortezomib
TNF alpha blockers
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13
Q

Chemotherapy adverse effects - infertility

A

Permanent
- Cyclophosphamide

Reversible

  • Doxorubicin
  • 5-fluorouracil
  • Taxanes
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14
Q

Tumour markers - AFP

A

Nonseminomatous germ cell tumour

Hepatocellular carcinoma

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15
Q

Tumour markers - B-HCG

A

Testicular germ cell tumour (elevation more than 10000 IU/L)

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16
Q

Tumour markers - Ca 15-3

A

Breast cancer (metastatic)

17
Q

Tumour markers - Ca 19-9

A

Pancreatic cancer
Gall bladder cancer
Cholangiocarcinoma

18
Q

Tumour markers - Ca 125

A

Ovarian cancer

Endometrial cancer

19
Q

Tumour markers - CEA

A

Colorectal cancer
Breast cancer (metastatic)
Smoking

20
Q

Paraneoplastic antibodies - anti-Hu

ANNA-1, anti neuronal nuclear Ab

A
  • SCLC

Encephalomyelitis, cerebellar degeneration, sensory neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction

21
Q

Paraneoplastic antibodies - anti-Yo

PCA-1, Purkinje cell Ab

A
  • Ovarian
  • Breast

(Cerebellar degeneration)

22
Q

Paraneoplastic antibodies - anti-Ri

ANNA-2, anti neuronal nuclear Ab 2

A
  • Breast
  • Ovarian
  • SCLC

(Cerebellar degeneration, myoclonus, brainstem encephalitis)

23
Q

Paraneoplastic antibodies - anti-Tr

A
  • Hodgkin lymphoma

Cerebellar degeneration

24
Q

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (MEN1) - presentation

A

Parathyroid tumours
Pituitary adenomas
Pancreatic islet cell tumours

(“3 Ps”, due to MEN1 gene)

25
Q

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2 (MEN2) - presentation

A

Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Phaeochromocytoma
- MEN2A - w/ primary hyperparathyroidism
- MEN2B - w/ mucosal neuroma, intestinal ganglioneuroma, Marfanoid

(due to RET gene)

BPT Written (20 decks)

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