Pharmacology

Question 0

How does aspirin help pain?

Answer 0

Aspirin stops inflammation.

Question 1

How does aspirin help a cardiac patient?

Answer 1

It is a platelet inhibitor, stopping a second heart attack.

Question 2

What are the adverse reactions to aspirin?

Answer 2

Heartburn
Nausea
Wheezing

Question 3

What is the precaution before taking aspirin?

Answer 3

Digestive bleed

Upset stomach

Question 4

What is the correct dosage of aspirin for an adult?

Answer 4

324-325mg, chewed.

Question 5

What is the correct dosage of aspirin for a child?

Answer 5

None indicated, so the question is deferred to a medical doctor.

Question 6

Why would you give aspirin?

Answer 6

Chest pain

Question 7

What does Naloxone do?

Answer 7

Reverses the effects of opioid and morphine-like agents (like heroin); reverses respiratory depression

Question 8

What is the indication Naloxone should be administered?

Answer 8

During respiratory depression caused by an opioid or narcotic agent

Question 9

What are the contraindications that Naloxone shouldn’t be used?

Answer 9

A child less than 28 days old

Question 10

What are the adverse effects possible after using Naloxone?

Answer 10

Immediate withdrawal

Question 11

What is the purpose of oral glucose?

Answer 11

To raise low blood sugar

Question 12

What are the indications that oral glucose should be administered?

Answer 12

Altered mental status and known diabetic history; unconscious for an unknown reason

Question 13

What precautions should be considered before administering oral glucose?

Answer 13

A gag reflex

Question 14

What is the correct dosage of oral glucose?

Answer 14

10-15g between the cheek and tongue every ten minutes

Question 15

What is the indication that activated charcoal should be administered?

Answer 15

Poisoning by mouth

Question 16

What are the adverse effects of using activated charcoal?

Answer 16

Nausea and vomiting

Question 17

What is the correct dosage for activated charcoal?

Answer 17

1 gram per kilogram

Question 18

What are precautions when using activated charcoal?

Answer 18

The possibility it doesn’t soak up all the poison

Question 19

What is the correct dosage of acetaminophen?

Answer 19

Dosage: 160mg / 5mL
3-5 years old: 1 dose
6-9 years: 2 doses
10 and up: 4 doses

Question 20

What are the contraindications for using acetaminophen?

Answer 20

Head injury
Hypotension
Administration of acetaminophen within the previous four hours

Question 21

What are the adverse effects off acetaminophen?

Answer 21

None that are clinically significant

Question 22

What are the indications that acetaminophen should be administered?

Answer 22

A patient 3 or older with mild to moderate discomfort (2-5 on scale)

Question 23

What are the indications that albuterol should be administered?

Answer 23

Signs of respiratory distress

Bronchospasm/wheezing associated with asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)

Question 24

What are the adverse effects of albuterol?

Answer 24

``` Tachycardia/palpitations Hypertension Angina Nervousness/anxiety Tremors Dizziness Headache Sweating Nausea/vomiting Sore throat ```

Question 25

What precautions should be considered before administering albuterol?

Answer 25

Bronchospasm may become sever after repeated use | Patient must have his own physician-prescribed inhaler

Question 26

What is the contraindication for using albuterol?

Answer 26

Inhaler is not prescribed for the patient

Question 27

What is the correct dosage of albuterol?

Answer 27

Maximum of 2 doses (4 puffs) over 30 minutes | Medical direction may administer additional doses

Question 28

What is the contraindication before administering aspirin?

Answer 28

Known hypersensitivity (allergy)

Question 29

What are the five rights before administering a drug?

Answer 29

``` Right patient Right time Right medication Right dosage Right route of administration ```