Medical Terminology - Chapter 5 Flashcards
The microscopic sacs of the lungs where has exchange with the bloodstream takes place are called…
Alveoli
The four divisions of the abdomens used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury are the…
Abdominal quadrants
The standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. The body is erect, facing the observer, with arms down and the palms facing forward. This is called…
Anatomical position
The study of body structure is…
Anatomy
The positional term for the front of the body or body part is…
Anterior
The largest artery in the body that transports blood from the left ventricle to behind systemic circulation is the…
Aorta
A small tube located near the junction or the small and large intensities in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. It’s function is not well understood. Under inflammation, it’s a common cause of abdominal pain.
Appendix
The smallest kind of artery is the…
Arteriole
Any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart is called an…
Artery
The two upper chambers of the heart which receive in oxygenated blood, and then oxygenated blood are called the…
Atria
The ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on it’s own is called…
Automaticity
The division or the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions is the…
Automatic nervous system
A positional term meaning on both sides is…
Bilateral
The round sac-like organ of the renal system used as a reservoir for urine is the…
Bladder
The pressure caused by blood exerting force against the walls of blood vessels is called…
Blood pressure
The artery of the upper arm and the site of the pulse checked during infant CPR is the…
Brachial artery
The two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs are the…
Bronchi
A thin-walled, microscopic blood vessel where the oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body’s cells takes place is called the…
Capillary
A system of specialized muscle tissues that conducts electrical impulses to stimulate the heart to beat is the…
Cardiac conduction system
The large neck arteries that carry blood from the heart to the head are the
Carotid arteries
The brain and spinal cord make up the…
Central nervous system (CNS)
The carotid and femoral pulses, felt in the central part or the body are the…
Central pulses
A word root with an added vowel they can be joined with other word parts to form a new word is called a…
Combining form
A word formed from two or more while words is called…
Compound
Blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart (myocardium) are…
Coronary arteries
The ring-shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx is the…
Cricoid cartilage
The inner (second) later of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found beneath the epidermis is the…
Dermis
The muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and is a major muscle of respiration is the…
Diaphragm
The pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refilling is…
Diastolic blood pressure
The system by which food travels through the body and is broken down into absorbable forms is the…
Digestive system
A positional term meaning farther away from the torso is…
Distal
A positional term referring to the back of the body, hand, or foot is…
Dorsal or posterior
The artery supplying the foot, lateral to the large tendon of the big toe is the…
Dorsalis pedis artery
The system of glands that produce chemicals called hormone that help to regulate many body activities and functions is the…
Endocrine system
The outer layer of skin is called the…
Epidermis
A leaf-shaped structure that prevents good and foreign matter from entering the trachea is the…
Epiglottis
A hormone produced by the body. As a medication, it dilate respiratory passages and is used to relive severe allergic reactions.
Epinephrine
A passive process in which intercostal (rib) muscles and the diaphragm relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and air to flow out of the lungs.
Exhalation
The major artery supplying the leg.
Femoral artery
A sitting position
Fowler position
A sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile produced by the liver.
Gallbladder
Inadequate perfusion of the cells and tissues of the body caused by insufficient flow of blood through the capillaries. Also called shock.
Hypoperfusion
What is the positional term for away from/below the head
Inferior
An active process in which the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contact, expanding the size of the chest and allowing air to flow into the lungs
Inhalation
A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics
Insulin
Muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled
Involuntary muscle
Organs of the renal system used to filter blood and regular fluid levels in the body
Kidneys
The muscular tube that removes water from waste products received from the small intestine and moves anything not absorbed toward excretion.
Large intestine
The voice box
Larynx
A directional term meaning to the side, away from the midline of the body
Lateral
Tissue that connects bone to bone
Ligament
The point where two bones comes together
Joint
The largest organ of the body which produces blue to assist in breakdown of days and assists in the metabolism of various substances in the body
Liver
The organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waste carbon dioxide takes place
Lungs
A positional term toward the midline of the body
Medial
A kind drawn vertically from the middle or the armpit to the ankle
Mid-auxiliary line
The line through the center of each clavicle
Mid-clavicular
An imaginary line drawn down he center of the body dividing it into right and left halves
Midline
Tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part
Muscle
The system or bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement
Musculoskeletal system
The area directly posterior to the nose
Nasopharynx
The system of brain, spinal cord, and nerves that govern sensation, movement, and thought
Nervous system
The area directly posterior to the mouth
Oropharynx
Referring to the palm of the hand
Palmar
A gland located behind the stomach that produced insulin and juices that assist in digestion of food in the duodenum of the small intestine
Pancreas
The organ of male reproduction responsible for sexual intercourse and the transfer of sperm
Penis
The supply of oxygen to and removal of waste from the and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries
Perfusion
The nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The radial, brachial, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis pulses which can be felt at peripheral (outlying) points of the body
Peripheral pulses
The area directly posterior to the mouth and nose.
Pharynx
The study of body function
Physiology
A flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object
Plane
Referring to the sole of the foot
Plantar
The fluid portion of the blood
Plasma
Components of the blood; membrane-enclosed fragments of specialized cells
Platelets
Positional term meaning the back of the body or body part
Posterior
The artery supplying the foot, behind the ankle.
Posterior tibial artery
Word part added to the beginning of a root or word to modify its meaning
Prefix
Lying face down
Prone
Closer to the torso
Proximal
The vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
Pulmonary veins
The rhythmic beats caused as waves of blood move through and expand the arteries
Pulse
Artery of the lower arm, felt when taking the pulse at the wrist
Radial artery
Lying on the side, the lateral recumbent position
Recovery position
Components of the blood that carry oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide away.
Red blood cells
The body system that regulates fluid balance and the filtration of the blood
Renal system
The body system responsible for human reproduction
Reproductive system
The process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and the cells
Respiration
The system or the nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that bring oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide
Respiratory system
Foundation of a word that can’t stand on its own
Root
Another word for hypoperfusion
Shock
The layer of tissue between the body and the external environment
Skin
The muscular tube between the stomach and the large intestine
Small intestine
An organ located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that acts as a blood filtration system and a reservoir for reserves of blood
Spleen
Muscular sac between the esophagus and the small intestine where digestion of food begins
Stomach
The layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis
Subcutaneous layers
Word part added to the end of a root or word to complete it’s meaning.
Suffix
Toward the head
Superior
Lying on he back
Supine
The pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood into circulation
Systolic blood pressure
Tissue that connects muscle to bone
Tendon
The male organs of reproduction used for the production of sperm
Testes
The chest
Thorax
The wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and form the Adam’s apple.
Thyroid cartilage
The trunk of he body, not including the head or extremities
Torso
The “windpipe” structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs
Trachea
Trendelburg position
A position where the patients feet and legs are higher than the head
The tubes connecting the kidneys to the bladder
Ureters
The tube connecting the bladder to the vagina or penis for excretion of urine
Urethra
The female organ of reproduction used to house the developing fetus
Uterus
The female organ of reproduction used for sexual intercourse and as an exit from the uterus for the fetus.
Vagina
A structure that opens and closes to permit the flow of a fluid in only one direction
Valve
Any blood vessel returning blood to the heart
Vein
The two major veins that return blood from the body to the right atrium
Venae cavae
The process of moving gases between inhaled air and the pulmonary circulation of blood
Ventilation
Referring to the front of the body
Ventral or anterior
The two lower chambers of the heart
Ventricles
The smallest kind of vein
Venule
Muscle that can be consciously controlled
Voluntary muscle
Components of the blood that produce substances that help the body fight infection
White blood cells
