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EMT Training > Medical Terminology - Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology - Chapter 5 Flashcards

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0
Q

The microscopic sacs of the lungs where has exchange with the bloodstream takes place are called…

A

Alveoli

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1
Q

The four divisions of the abdomens used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury are the…

A

Abdominal quadrants

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2
Q

The standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. The body is erect, facing the observer, with arms down and the palms facing forward. This is called…

A

Anatomical position

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3
Q

The study of body structure is…

A

Anatomy

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4
Q

The positional term for the front of the body or body part is…

A

Anterior

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5
Q

The largest artery in the body that transports blood from the left ventricle to behind systemic circulation is the…

A

Aorta

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6
Q

A small tube located near the junction or the small and large intensities in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. It’s function is not well understood. Under inflammation, it’s a common cause of abdominal pain.

A

Appendix

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7
Q

The smallest kind of artery is the…

A

Arteriole

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8
Q

Any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart is called an…

A

Artery

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9
Q

The two upper chambers of the heart which receive in oxygenated blood, and then oxygenated blood are called the…

A

Atria

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10
Q

The ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on it’s own is called…

A

Automaticity

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11
Q

The division or the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions is the…

A

Automatic nervous system

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12
Q

A positional term meaning on both sides is…

A

Bilateral

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13
Q

The round sac-like organ of the renal system used as a reservoir for urine is the…

A

Bladder

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14
Q

The pressure caused by blood exerting force against the walls of blood vessels is called…

A

Blood pressure

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15
Q

The artery of the upper arm and the site of the pulse checked during infant CPR is the…

A

Brachial artery

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16
Q

The two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs are the…

A

Bronchi

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17
Q

A thin-walled, microscopic blood vessel where the oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body’s cells takes place is called the…

A

Capillary

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18
Q

A system of specialized muscle tissues that conducts electrical impulses to stimulate the heart to beat is the…

A

Cardiac conduction system

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19
Q

The large neck arteries that carry blood from the heart to the head are the

A

Carotid arteries

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20
Q

The brain and spinal cord make up the…

A

Central nervous system (CNS)

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21
Q

The carotid and femoral pulses, felt in the central part or the body are the…

A

Central pulses

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22
Q

A word root with an added vowel they can be joined with other word parts to form a new word is called a…

A

Combining form

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23
Q

A word formed from two or more while words is called…

A

Compound

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24
Q

Blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart (myocardium) are…

A

Coronary arteries

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25
Q

The ring-shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx is the…

A

Cricoid cartilage

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26
Q

The inner (second) later of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found beneath the epidermis is the…

A

Dermis

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27
Q

The muscular structure that divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and is a major muscle of respiration is the…

A

Diaphragm

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28
Q

The pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refilling is…

A

Diastolic blood pressure

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29
Q

The system by which food travels through the body and is broken down into absorbable forms is the…

A

Digestive system

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30
Q

A positional term meaning farther away from the torso is…

A

Distal

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31
Q

A positional term referring to the back of the body, hand, or foot is…

A

Dorsal or posterior

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32
Q

The artery supplying the foot, lateral to the large tendon of the big toe is the…

A

Dorsalis pedis artery

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33
Q

The system of glands that produce chemicals called hormone that help to regulate many body activities and functions is the…

A

Endocrine system

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34
Q

The outer layer of skin is called the…

A

Epidermis

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35
Q

A leaf-shaped structure that prevents good and foreign matter from entering the trachea is the…

A

Epiglottis

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36
Q

A hormone produced by the body. As a medication, it dilate respiratory passages and is used to relive severe allergic reactions.

A

Epinephrine

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37
Q

A passive process in which intercostal (rib) muscles and the diaphragm relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size and air to flow out of the lungs.

A

Exhalation

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38
Q

The major artery supplying the leg.

A

Femoral artery

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39
Q

A sitting position

A

Fowler position

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40
Q

A sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile produced by the liver.

A

Gallbladder

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41
Q

Inadequate perfusion of the cells and tissues of the body caused by insufficient flow of blood through the capillaries. Also called shock.

A

Hypoperfusion

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42
Q

What is the positional term for away from/below the head

A

Inferior

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43
Q

An active process in which the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contact, expanding the size of the chest and allowing air to flow into the lungs

A

Inhalation

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44
Q

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics

A

Insulin

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45
Q

Muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled

A

Involuntary muscle

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46
Q

Organs of the renal system used to filter blood and regular fluid levels in the body

A

Kidneys

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47
Q

The muscular tube that removes water from waste products received from the small intestine and moves anything not absorbed toward excretion.

A

Large intestine

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48
Q

The voice box

A

Larynx

49
Q

A directional term meaning to the side, away from the midline of the body

A

Lateral

50
Q

Tissue that connects bone to bone

A

Ligament

51
Q

The point where two bones comes together

A

Joint

52
Q

The largest organ of the body which produces blue to assist in breakdown of days and assists in the metabolism of various substances in the body

A

Liver

53
Q

The organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waste carbon dioxide takes place

A

Lungs

54
Q

A positional term toward the midline of the body

A

Medial

55
Q

A kind drawn vertically from the middle or the armpit to the ankle

A

Mid-auxiliary line

56
Q

The line through the center of each clavicle

A

Mid-clavicular

57
Q

An imaginary line drawn down he center of the body dividing it into right and left halves

A

Midline

58
Q

Tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part

A

Muscle

59
Q

The system or bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement

A

Musculoskeletal system

60
Q

The area directly posterior to the nose

A

Nasopharynx

61
Q

The system of brain, spinal cord, and nerves that govern sensation, movement, and thought

A

Nervous system

62
Q

The area directly posterior to the mouth

A

Oropharynx

63
Q

Referring to the palm of the hand

A

Palmar

64
Q

A gland located behind the stomach that produced insulin and juices that assist in digestion of food in the duodenum of the small intestine

A

Pancreas

65
Q

The organ of male reproduction responsible for sexual intercourse and the transfer of sperm

A

Penis

66
Q

The supply of oxygen to and removal of waste from the and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries

A

Perfusion

67
Q

The nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord

A

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

68
Q

The radial, brachial, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis pulses which can be felt at peripheral (outlying) points of the body

A

Peripheral pulses

69
Q

The area directly posterior to the mouth and nose.

A

Pharynx

70
Q

The study of body function

A

Physiology

71
Q

A flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object

A

Plane

72
Q

Referring to the sole of the foot

A

Plantar

73
Q

The fluid portion of the blood

A

Plasma

74
Q

Components of the blood; membrane-enclosed fragments of specialized cells

A

Platelets

75
Q

Positional term meaning the back of the body or body part

A

Posterior

76
Q

The artery supplying the foot, behind the ankle.

A

Posterior tibial artery

77
Q

Word part added to the beginning of a root or word to modify its meaning

A

Prefix

78
Q

Lying face down

A

Prone

79
Q

Closer to the torso

A

Proximal

80
Q

The vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

A

Pulmonary veins

81
Q

The rhythmic beats caused as waves of blood move through and expand the arteries

A

Pulse

82
Q

Artery of the lower arm, felt when taking the pulse at the wrist

A

Radial artery

83
Q

Lying on the side, the lateral recumbent position

A

Recovery position

84
Q

Components of the blood that carry oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide away.

A

Red blood cells

85
Q

The body system that regulates fluid balance and the filtration of the blood

A

Renal system

86
Q

The body system responsible for human reproduction

A

Reproductive system

87
Q

The process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and the cells

A

Respiration

88
Q

The system or the nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that bring oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide

A

Respiratory system

89
Q

Foundation of a word that can’t stand on its own

A

Root

90
Q

Another word for hypoperfusion

A

Shock

91
Q

The layer of tissue between the body and the external environment

A

Skin

92
Q

The muscular tube between the stomach and the large intestine

A

Small intestine

93
Q

An organ located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen that acts as a blood filtration system and a reservoir for reserves of blood

A

Spleen

94
Q

Muscular sac between the esophagus and the small intestine where digestion of food begins

A

Stomach

95
Q

The layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis

A

Subcutaneous layers

96
Q

Word part added to the end of a root or word to complete it’s meaning.

A

Suffix

97
Q

Toward the head

A

Superior

98
Q

Lying on he back

A

Supine

99
Q

The pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood into circulation

A

Systolic blood pressure

100
Q

Tissue that connects muscle to bone

A

Tendon

101
Q

The male organs of reproduction used for the production of sperm

A

Testes

102
Q

The chest

A

Thorax

103
Q

The wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and form the Adam’s apple.

A

Thyroid cartilage

104
Q

The trunk of he body, not including the head or extremities

A

Torso

105
Q

The “windpipe” structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs

A

Trachea

106
Q

Trendelburg position

A

A position where the patients feet and legs are higher than the head

107
Q

The tubes connecting the kidneys to the bladder

A

Ureters

108
Q

The tube connecting the bladder to the vagina or penis for excretion of urine

A

Urethra

109
Q

The female organ of reproduction used to house the developing fetus

A

Uterus

110
Q

The female organ of reproduction used for sexual intercourse and as an exit from the uterus for the fetus.

A

Vagina

111
Q

A structure that opens and closes to permit the flow of a fluid in only one direction

A

Valve

112
Q

Any blood vessel returning blood to the heart

A

Vein

113
Q

The two major veins that return blood from the body to the right atrium

A

Venae cavae

114
Q

The process of moving gases between inhaled air and the pulmonary circulation of blood

A

Ventilation

115
Q

Referring to the front of the body

A

Ventral or anterior

116
Q

The two lower chambers of the heart

A

Ventricles

117
Q

The smallest kind of vein

A

Venule

118
Q

Muscle that can be consciously controlled

A

Voluntary muscle

119
Q

Components of the blood that produce substances that help the body fight infection

A

White blood cells

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