Pharmacology 2

Question 1

What is the most osmotic diuretic in clinical use?

Answer 1

Mannitol

Question 2

How do osmotic diuretics work?

Answer 2

Retain water in the filtrate by increasing the osmolality of the filtrate

Question 3

What is the major site of action of the osmotic diuretics?

Answer 3

Proximal tubule

Question 4

When are osmotic diuretics also used?

Answer 4

Intracranial/intraocular pressure

Question 5

What is the net effect of aldosterone secretion?

Answer 5

Enhances sodium and water reabsorption

Question 6

What are the two types of diabetes insipidus?

Answer 6

Neurogenic and nephrogenic

Question 7

How is neurogenic diabetes insipidus treated?

Answer 7

Desmopressin- synthetic analogue of ADH

Question 8

What is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused?

Answer 8

X-linked recessive mutations in the vasopressin receptor

Question 9

What is the difference between an acquaretics and diuretics?

Answer 9

Aquaretics cause excretion of water without accompanying secretion of sodium