Pharmacology

Question 1

Noradrenaline MOA

Answer 1

vasopressor
alpha-agonist
little effect on cardiac output

Question 2

Adrenaline MOA

Answer 2

alpha + beta receptor agonists

increases cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance

Question 3

Dopamine MOA

Answer 3

beta-1 agonist

increases contractility and rate

Question 4

Dobutamine MOA

Answer 4

beta-1 and beta 2 agonist
increases cardiac output
decreases systemic vascular resistance

Question 5

Milrinone MOA

Answer 5

phosphodiesterase inhibitor
vasodilator (so vasopressors commonly given with it)
short half life 1-2 hours

Question 6

Commonly used inotropes (5)

Answer 6

Noradrenaline
Adrenaline
Dopamine
Dobutamine
Milrinone

Question 7

Adrenaline dose in anaphylaxis

Answer 7

1:1000 0.5mL IM

Question 8

Pharmacological causes of oculogyric crisis (3)

Answer 8

Metoclopramide
Haloperidol
Phenothiazines

Question 9

Mx of oculogyric crisis

Answer 9

Procyclidine

Question 10

Common SE of antipyschotics

Answer 10

EPSE

Question 11

Never use ?? in VT

Answer 11

verapamil

can precipitate VF

Question 12

LA toxicity reversal

Answer 12

intralipid

Question 13

Dose of lidocaine

Answer 13

3mg/kg

Question 14

Dose of lidocaine + adrenaline

Answer 14

7mg/kg

Question 15

Torsades de pointes Tx

Answer 15

IV magnesium sulphate

Question 16

Ca channel blocker MOA

Answer 16

reduces tone of smooth muscle of vasculature, decreases SVR and BP

Question 17

Alpha blocker MOA

Answer 17

inhibit alpha adrenergic receptors, decreases vascular tone, reduces SVR and BP

Question 18

ACE-i MOA

Answer 18

blocks conversion of angiotensin I –> II

Question 19

Warfarin inhibits which clotting factors

Answer 19

II, VII, IX, X (vit K dependent)

Question 20

Drugs causing gynaecomastia

Answer 20

DISCO
Digitalis
Isoniazid
Spironolactone
Cimetidine
Oestrogen

Question 21

Site of action of spironolactone

Answer 21

collecting duct in kidneys

Question 22

Site of action of furosemide

Answer 22

ascending loop of henle in kidneys

Question 23

LMWH MOA

Answer 23

binds antithrombin resulting in inhibition of factor Xa

Question 24

UFH MOA

Answer 24

binds antithrombin III which affects thrombin and factor Xa

Question 25

Warfarin reversal agent

Answer 25

``` Vitamin K (4-24h) Beriplex (1h) ```

Question 26

Lignocaine should not be used as LA in people with ...?

Answer 26

unstable disorders of cardiac rhythm

Question 27

Cryoprecipitate major constituent

Answer 27

Factor VIII

Question 28

Benzodiazepine reversal agent

Answer 28

flumazenil

Question 29

Muscle relaxant induces generalised muscular contractions

Answer 29

suxamethonium

Question 30

Ciclosporin MOA

Answer 30

inhibit IL2 production in an activated T cell

Question 31

Tacrolimus MOA

Answer 31

inhibit IL2 production in an activated T cell

Question 32

Treatment for carcinoid syndrome

Answer 32

Octreotide

Question 33

methotrexate moa

Answer 33

interferes with DNA synthesis + repair + cellular replication

Question 34

SE ciclosporin

Answer 34

nephrotoxicity

Question 35

SE tacrolimus

Answer 35

diabetes

Question 36

Penicillins MOA

Answer 36

inhibit cell wall formation

Question 37

Macrolides MOA

Answer 37

inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

Question 38

Quinolones MOA

Answer 38

inhibit DNA synthesis

Question 39

Rifampicin MOA

Answer 39

inhibit RNA synthesis

Question 40

Lignocaine dose

Answer 40

3mg/kg

Question 41

Lignocaine + adrenaline dose

Answer 41

7mg/kg

Question 42

Depolarising muscle relaxant

Answer 42

suxamethonium

Question 43

Adrenaline receptors§

Answer 43

a-1, a-2, b-1, b-2

Question 44

Noradrenaline receptors

Answer 44

a-1 (a-2) (b-1) (b-2)

Question 45

Dobutamine receptors

Answer 45

b-1 (b-2)

Question 46

Dopamine receptors

Answer 46

(a-1) (a-2) (b-1) d-1 d-2

Question 47

heparin affects which clotting factors

Answer 47

antithrombin | factors 2,9,10,11,12

Question 48

warfarin affects which clotting factors

Answer 48

factor 2, 7, 9, 10 protein C

Question 49

TXA inhibits

Answer 49

plasmin