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MRCS PART A > General Principles of Surgery > Flashcards

General Principles of Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

ASA I

A

normal healthy

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2
Q

ASA II

A

mild systemic disease

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3
Q

ASA III

A

severe systemic disease that limits activities but not incapacitating

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4
Q

ASA IV

A

incapacitating disease that is a constant threat to life

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5
Q

ASA V

A

moribund, not expected to survive with or without an operation in next 24h

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6
Q

Special prep for thyroid surgery

A

vocal cord check

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7
Q

Special prep for parathyroid surgery

A

methylene blue to identify gland

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8
Q

Special prep for sentinel node biopsy

A

radioactive marker/patent blue dye

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9
Q

Special prep for surgery involving thoracic duct

A

cream

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10
Q

Special prep for pheochromocytoma surgery

A

alpha and beta blockers

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11
Q

Special prep for carcinoid tumour surgery

A

octreotide cover

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12
Q

Special prep for colorectal surgery

A

bowel prep

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13
Q

How much Na in plasma

A

137-147

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14
Q

How much Na in 0.9% saline

A

153

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15
Q

How much Na in Hartmanns

A

130

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16
Q

How much K in Hartmanns

A

4

17
Q

How much Na in plasma

A

4-5.5

18
Q

How much Cl in 0.9% NaCl

A

153

19
Q

How much Cl in Hartmanns

A

110

20
Q

How much Cl in plasma

A

95-105

21
Q

What can 0.9% NaCl overadministration cause?

A

Hyperchloraemic acidosis

22
Q

Adult Na maintenance requirements

A

50-100 mmol/day

23
Q

Adult K maintenance requirements

A

40-80 mmol/day

24
Q

Laparoscopic intrabdominal pressure

A

12-15mmHg

25
Q

p value represents

A

risk of type 1 error

rejects true null hypothesis

26
Q

Absolute risk reduction reciprocal

A

Number needed to treat

27
Q

Level I

A

Evidence from meta-analysis of RCTs

28
Q

Level II

A

Evidence from at least one well designed controlled trial which is not randomised

29
Q

Level III

A

Evidence from correlation and comparative studies or use of historical controls

30
Q

Level IV

A

Evidence from case series

31
Q

Level V

A

Expert opinion

32
Q

What % lies between 2 SD of mean in a normal distribution

A

95.4

33
Q

What % lies between 3 SD of mean in a normal distribution

A

99.7

34
Q

What % lies between 1 SD of mean in a normal distribution

A

68.3

35
Q

PPV equation

A

ppv = tp/(tp+fp)

MRCS PART A (18 decks)

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