Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nurses role in pharmacological treatment of pain for a patient?

A
  • assess patients’ pain frequently
  • determine whether to give analgesic
  • determine which to give if there is a choice
  • determine appropriate dose for that time
  • assess patients’ response to the analgesic
  • advocate for patient when a change is needed
  • educate patient and family
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2
Q

Name seven delivery systems for analgesics.

A
  • oral
  • rectal
  • transdermal
  • sublingual
  • nasal
  • intravenously
  • intramuscularly
  • subcutanenously
  • intraspinal (epidural and intrathecal)
  • nerve blocks
  • surgery
  • acupuncture
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3
Q

Give one example of a narcotic analgesic.

A
  • pethidine
  • morphine
  • endone
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4
Q

What is the process of administering a narcotic analgesic?

A
  • check from DD cupboard
  • usually 2 person check
  • sign for an in/out count
  • check the drug again at the bedside
  • educate the patient on what to expect (e.g. may feel nausea)
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5
Q

Epidural analgesia is inserted into the CSF. True or false.

A

False.

Epidural analgesia is inserted into the space above the dura. Below the dura is CSF.

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6
Q

When is epidural analgesic most commonly used?

A
  • post major surgery

- it is a mixture of opioiods and local anaesthetic and is run continuously

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7
Q

Give two examples of analgesic used in an epidural.

A
  • bupivacaine
  • fentanyl
  • morphine
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8
Q

What are the side effects of epidural narcotics?

A
  • respiratory depression
  • nausea and vomiting
  • urinary retention
  • pruritis
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9
Q

What is the nurse checking when caring for a patient with an epidural?

A
  • dermatome checks
  • vitals and oxygen levels
  • headaches
  • epidural site check
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10
Q

Explain patient controlled analgesia (PCA).

A

Delivers a set dose of opioid on demand with a preset time daily between doses.

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11
Q

Name three advantages of a PCA.

A
  • higher patient satisfaction
  • equal or superior analgesia
  • equal or reduced sedation
  • minimal daily-individual tailoring
  • patient has sense of ‘control’
  • painless-reduced morbidity
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